MOLECULAR BASIS OF EVOLUTIONARY CHANGE IN DEVELOPMENT

发展中进化变化的分子基础

• 批准号: 2025133
• 负责人: RUDOLF A RAFF
• 金额: $ 20.73万
• 依托单位: TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1986
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1986-06-01 至 1998-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2025133
• 关键词: alternatives to animals in research; cell cell interaction; cytology; developmental genetics; early embryonic stage; evolution; gene expression; genetic library; histogenesis; in situ hybridization; laboratory rabbit; mammalian embryology; monoclonal antibody; nucleic acid sequence; regulatory gene; sea urchins; southern blotting; subtraction hybridization; transcription factor

For evolution to occur, developmental processes must be modified. However, the relationship between development and evolution is only beginning to receive experimental study. We have defined an experimental system that allows us to study the evolution of pathways of early development. The proposed research is to investigate the changes in cellular behavior and gene expression that accompany a radical evolutionary change from the ancestral indirect mode of development of typical sea urchins to direct development. The experimental system is a molecular and developmental comparison of a direct developing sea urchin, Heliocidaris erythrogramma, to two closely related typical developing species, H. tuberculata and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. The major problem to be addressed is how the two developmental pathways diverge at the end of gastrulation. The gastrula of H. erythrogramma resembles that of H. tuberculata, but at the end of gastrulation it begins to generate the precursors of the juvenile adult sea urchin. In contrast the indirect developing pathway at this point begins to generate the feeding pluteus larva. Only much later will adult structures be made. The proposed project has three specific aims: (1) determination of relative roles for cell autonomous versus cell-cell communication in the evolution of early development; (2) identification of regulatory genes that underly the evolutionary divergence of developmental pathways at gastrulation; (3) initiation of studies to experimentally generate evolutionary changes in early development. The study of the evolution of developmental processes offers a means to explore how differences between species arise in the course of evolution. Closely related species that differ in significant ways in developmental pattern provide us with natural varients of developmental processes. The study of these closely related but developmentally distinct species allows mechanisms underlying changes to be identified and their functions determined.

为了进化，必须修改发展过程。 但是，发展与进化之间的关系只是 开始接受实验研究。 我们定义了一个实验 使我们能够研究早期途径的演变的系统 发展。 拟议的研究是调查 伴随自由基的细胞行为和基因表达 从祖先间接发展模式的进化变化 典型的海胆直接发展。 实验系统是 直接发展海胆的分子和发育比较， Heliocidaris Erythomma，到两个密切相关的典型发展 物种，结核菌和purpuratus strongylocentrotus。 专业 要解决的问题是两种发展途径在 胃结束。 H. Erythramma的胃口类似于 H. tuberculata，但在胃结束时，它开始产生 少年成人海胆的前体。 相比之下 此时开发途径开始生成喂养普鲁士 幼虫。 只有之后才能制造成人结构。 拟议的项目具有三个具体目标：（1）确定 细胞自主与细胞 - 细胞通信的相对作用 早期发展的演变； （2）鉴定调节基因 发展途径的进化差异 胃； （3）启动研究以实验生成 早期发展的进化变化。 对发展过程发展的研究提供了一种手段 探索在进化过程中物种之间的差异。 在发育方面有重大不同的紧密相关物种 模式为我们提供了发展过程的自然变体。 这 研究这些密切相关但发育不同的物种允许 待定变化的机制及其功能 决定。