Genomic mechanisms of violent juvenile aggression

青少年暴力攻击的基因组机制

基本信息

批准号：
10501043
负责人：
Eva K Fischer
金额：
$ 39.65万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-08-15 至 2027-07-31
项目状态：
未结题

项目摘要

Violent aggressive behavior in children has life-long consequences for perpetrators, victims, their families, and society. Yet the biological bases of juvenile aggression remain largely unknown. This gap in knowledge persists due to a lack of tractable models in which juvenile aggression can be readily observed and manipulated. The proposed project takes an innovative, integrative approach to address this pressing knowledge gap using a novel animal model. Alongside the experimental tractability of classic fish and amphibian models, poison frog juveniles are highly aggressive, providing a powerful opportunity to understand the genomic bases of juvenile aggression. We test the central hypothesis that distinct mechanisms mediate the acute performance of, propensity for, and consequences of aggressive experiences. We pursue two complementary research directions to (1) uncover the mechanistic bases of individual variation and developmental shifts in aggression, and (2) probe the genomic and behavioral consequences of aggressive experiences for both perpetrators and victims. To optimize risk and reward, we tackle these questions from multiple angles, combining unbiased, exploratory approaches with characterization and manipulation of canonical candidates important for social behavior across vertebrates, including humans. Experiences of aggression have long-lasting individual and societal consequences and mechanistic research will have a significant positive impact by illuminating causes, consequences, and potential treatments for violent aggression among the youngest members of our society.

儿童的暴力攻击行为会给施暴者、受害者及其家人带来终生的后果，和社会。然而，青少年攻击行为的生物学基础仍然很大程度上未知。这种知识上的差距由于缺乏易于观察和操纵青少年攻击行为的易处理模型，这种现象仍然存在。拟议的项目采用创新的综合方法来解决这一紧迫的知识差距新颖的动物模型。除了经典鱼类和两栖动物模型的实验易驯性之外，毒蛙青少年具有高度攻击性，为了解青少年的基因组基础提供了强有力的机会侵略。我们测试了中心假设，即不同的机制介导了以下的急性表现：攻击性经历的倾向和后果。我们进行两项互补的研究方向（1）揭示个体差异和攻击性发展变化的机制基础， (2) 探究攻击性经历对肇事者和行为者的基因组和行为后果受害者。为了优化风险和回报，我们从多个角度解决这些问题，结合公正、对社会重要的典型候选人进行表征和操纵的探索性方法包括人类在内的脊椎动物的行为。攻击性经历对个人和个体来说都是持久的社会后果和机制研究将通过阐明原因产生重大的积极影响，我们社会中最年轻成员的暴力攻击行为的后果和潜在治疗方法。