Universal basic income and structural racism in the US South: Differences in health service utilization between older African American men with and without experiences of recent incarceration

美国南部的全民基本收入和结构性种族主义：近期有或没有入狱经历的老年非裔美国男性在医疗服务利用方面的差异

• 批准号: 10474851
• 负责人: Brooke E.E. Montgomery
• 金额: $ 57.81万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF ARKANSAS FOR MED SCIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-05-14 至 2027-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10474851
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; African American; Aging; Area; Black Populations; Black race; Breathing; Capital; Caring; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Chronically Ill; Communities; Complex; Correctional Institutions; Discrimination; Disease; Economic Policy; Economics; Emotional; Empirical Research; Ensure; Epidemiology; Family; Financial Hardship; Generations; Geography; HIV; Health; Health Disparities Research; Health Policy; Health behavior; Healthcare Systems; Imprisonment; Income; Individual; Intervention; Justice; Literature; Low income; Methods; Minority Groups; Outcome Study; Overdose; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Police; Policies; Poverty; Recording of previous events; Research; Resources; Risk; Role; Structural Racism; Testing; Time; Trauma; United States; Wages; base; behavioral health; black men; design; education research; efficacy study; experience; health care availability; health care service; health care service utilization; health difference; health economics; health service use; low socioeconomic status; male health; men; novel; physical conditioning; population health; protective factors; racial disparity; racial health disparity; recidivism; residence; social; transmission process

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Structural racism and discrimination (SRD) are complex and drive racial inequities. SRD has sustained racial health disparities in the United States, driven disproportionate incarceration risk among Black men, and systematically restricted minority populations from health, wealth, and prosperity. As a result, diminished income earning ability for generations of Black people has led to economic devastation and poor health. Importantly, older and aging Black men continue to earn less than their White counterparts and the income gap is continuing to widen. Even when accounting for education, research has shown that the rising wage gap is attributable to workforce experience and opportunity, hiring and wage discrimination, and incarceration. Difficulty attaining prevailing wages among older Black men affects family stability, the ability for communities to thrive, and population health. Geography, place, and proximity to capital and markets are underlying drivers of health behavior and healthcare access. As a result, older and aging Black men in particular have demonstrated one of the strongest epidemiologic relationships between low socioeconomic status, residence in communities with endemic poverty, and chronic disease. The proposed Stage 3 efficacy study aims to test a novel intervention that directly reduces the racial income gap by providing a universal basic income (UBI). UBI is intended to promote and protect Black men's health through the influx of capital and subsequent increases in personal agency and social connections. We hypothesize that providing UBI of $500 per month for six months will result in increased healthcare utilization among chronically-ill, older and aging, low-income Black men. Secondarily, we hypothesize that the effect of UBI will depend on whether an individual has a recent history of incarceration, such that no incarceration history combined with UBI will demonstrate the best study outcomes. Empirical research examining UBI among older Black men and its capacity to overturn SRD are lacking in the extant literature. Much of the health disparities research intended to inform health and economic policy originated from limited perspectives of older and aging Black men. Dr. W.E.B. Du Bois said in The Souls of Black Folk that for Black people, “discouragement is an unwritten word”. This study draws on that inspiration as it ultimately seeks to fundamentally overturn the economic oppression and brutality that has defined the Black experience for generations.

项目概要/摘要 结构性种族主义和歧视 (SRD) 很复杂，并导致种族不平等持续存在。 美国的健康差异导致黑人男性面临不成比例的监禁风险，以及 特别限制少数民族人口的健康、财富和繁荣。 几代黑人的收入能力导致了经济破坏和健康状况不佳。 重要的是，年长和老龄化黑人男性的收入仍然低于白人腿和收入差距 研究表明，即使考虑到教育因素，工资差距仍在继续扩大。 归因于劳动力经验和机会、雇用和工资歧视以及监禁。 老年黑人男性难以获得普遍工资影响家庭稳定和社区能力 人口健康、地理位置以及与资本和市场的接近程度是潜在的驱动因素。 因此，老年和老年黑人男性的健康行为和医疗保健获取情况尤其如此。 低社会经济地位、居住地之间表现出最强烈的流行病学关系之一 在患有地方性贫困和慢性病的社区中，拟议的第三阶段功效研究旨在测试 通过直接提供全民基本收入（UBI）来缩小种族收入差距的新颖干预措施。 旨在通过资本的流入和随后的增加来促进和保护黑人的健康 我们勇敢地提供了六个月每月 500 美元的 UBI。 将导致慢性病患者、老年人和老龄化低收入黑人男性的医疗保健利用率增加。 其次，我们认为全民基本收入的效果将取决于个人近期是否有 监禁史，这样没有监禁史与 UBI 相结合将证明最好的研究结果。 目前缺乏对老年黑人男性全民基本收入及其推翻 SRD 能力的实证研究。 许多现有文献旨在为健康和经济政策提供信息。 W.E.B. 博士在《灵魂》中说，它起源于年长的黑人男性的有限视角。 黑人民间认为，对于黑人来说，“沮丧是一个不成文的词”，这项研究借鉴了这一灵感。 它最终寻求从根本上推翻定义黑人的经济压迫和残酷行为 几代人的经验。