CHEMICAL SIGNALS REGULATING SOCIAL BEHAVIOR

调节社会行为的化学信号

• 批准号: 3760840
• 负责人: JELLE ATEMA
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3760840
• 关键词: Malacostraca; aggression; alternatives to animals in research; animal communication behavior; chemoreceptors; dopamine; ecdysone; electrochemistry; ethology; farnesyl compound; high performance liquid chromatography; hormone regulation /control mechanism; molting; neurotransmitters; octopamine; olfactions; olfactory stimulus; pheromone; sense organs; serotonin; sex behavior; social dominance; urinalysis; urine; video recording system

Understanding the regulation of social behavior through an interplay between internal and external chemical signals is of great current interest. Drugs that modulate or interfere with metabolism or the normal action of amines can affect human behavior (e.g. cocaine, etc) and loss of certain amines (e.g. dopamine) can cause serious illness (e.g. Parkinson's disease). In addition, recent studies have begun to imply olfactory regulation of human behavior and hormonal state (e.g. menstrual synchrony). This proposal is for research to elucidate the mechanisms of hormone and pheromone effects on behavior, and in particular the functional and chemical relationship between hormones and pheromones. For technical reasons and because of a rather extensive literature the lobster, Homarus americanus, is a superior model for this study. The collaboration within a program project with Dr. E.A. Kravitz and others lends great strength to this mostly behavioral project. The following experiments are proposed. 1. Develop a quantitative behavioral measure of "aggressive state" using models, boxing matches, and observations in naturalistic environments. This includes detailed analysis of postures and fight patterns. 2. Establish a correlation between aggressive state and hormonal state using hemolymph samples from animals in known molt and behavioral states. We will consider both molt regulating hormones (e.g. ecdysone and methylfarnesoate) and neuromodulators (e.g. serotonin, octopamine, etc. and their mixture ratios). 3. Test to what extent courtship, aggression and dominance are regulated via urine pheromones and identify the fractions of urine that serve as chemical signals in courtship and aggression. 4. Establish if and how pheromones influence hormonal and behavioral states, and vice versa. 5. Test to what degree the olfactory organs are involved in behavioral and hormonal responses to pheromones. The project requires behavioral, neurophysiological, and electrochemical techniques. Biochemical analysis will be done in collaboration with E.A. Kravitz. The results are likely to be broadly applicable in two different directions: the principles of chemical regulation of (social) behavior, and the identification of interesting regulatory chemical substances involved.

通过相互作用了解社会行为的调节 内部和外部化学信号之间的电流很高 兴趣。 调节或干扰代谢或正常的药物 胺的作用会影响人类的行为（例如可卡因等）和丧失 某些胺（例如多巴胺）会导致严重疾病（例如帕金森氏病 疾病）。 此外，最近的研究已经开始暗示嗅觉 调节人类行为和激素状态（例如月经同步）。 该建议是为了阐明激素和 信息素对行为的影响，尤其是功能和 激素与信息素之间的化学关系。 用于技术 原因和由于龙虾的广泛文献，homarus Americanus是这项研究的卓越模型。 内部的合作 E.A.博士的计划项目克拉维兹和其他人赋予了巨大的力量 这个主要是行为项目。 提出了以下实验。 1。使用 自然主义环境中的模型，拳击比赛和观察。 这包括对姿势和战斗模式的详细分析。 2。建立侵略性状态与激素状态之间的相关性 使用来自已知蜕皮和行为状态中动物的血淋巴样品。 我们将考虑调节激素的蜕皮（例如ecdysone和 甲基氟甲酸盐）和神经调节剂（例如5-羟色胺，章鱼胺等 它们的混合比率）。 3。测试在多大程度上监管求爱，侵略和优势 通过尿液信息素，并确定尿液的分数 求爱和侵略性的化学信号。 4。确定信息素是否以及如何影响荷尔蒙和行为 国家，反之亦然。 5。测试嗅觉器官在多大程度上参与行为和 激素对信息素的反应。 该项目需要行为，神经生理和电化学 技术。 生化分析将与E.A.合作进行。 克拉维兹。 结果可能广泛适用于两个不同的 方向：（社会）行为的化学调节原则， 并鉴定有趣的调节化学物质 涉及。