NEUROENDOCRINE EFFECTS FROM AEROBIC TRAINING IN HUMANS

有氧训练对人类神经内分泌的影响

基本信息

批准号：
3383426
负责人：
RICHARD A DIENSTBIER
金额：
$ 4.13万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1990-04-01 至 1993-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3383426
关键词：
catecholamines cortisol diet dopamine emotions exercise human age group immunoglobulin A immunoregulation neuroendocrine system physiologic stressor psychological stressor psychoneuroimmunology sleep regulatory center

项目摘要

Animal subjects regularly exposed to stressors ranging from exercise to shock (with recovery periods) show later resistance to behavioral suppression and resistance to neuroendocrine depletion (in brain and periphery) when subjected to later (different) stressors; immune enhancement also follows from such "toughening" procedures. For humans in challenge/stress contexts, higher acute catecholamine levels correspond with better performance and emotional stability. It is hypothesized that systematic aerobic training provides an ideal "toughening" manipulation for humans, and that such training enhances catecholamine capacity (and adrenal-cortical suppression) during episodes of mental challenge or stress. Those enhanced neuroendocrine processes mediate, in turn, the temperament benefits derived from aerobic training. While preliminary work shows such neuroendocrine "training effects" in mental challenge/stress contexts, that research has not been well controlled nor sufficiently elaborated. College roommates paid to enroll as pairs will be randomly assigned to semester-long physical education courses in aerobic or non-aerobic (control) activities. Prior to lab sessions, paired subjects will sleep similar hours, eat identical meals together, and observe food restrictions to control extraneous influences on neuroendocrines. Adrenaline, nonadrenaline, dopamine, cortisol, and the metabolite MHPG will be assayed; IgA analyses will assess immune-system effects. Urine and saliva samples will be collected at the beginning and end of the semester following relaxation, mental stress, mental challenge, and an aerobic capacity test. It is predicted that catecholamine gains (and cortisol suppression) following challenge or stress will be greater for trained aerobics subjects, compared with controls and compared with themselves prior to aerobic training; however, neuroendocrines will decline more quickly in trained subjects following challenge/stress episodes. To study neuroendocrine-temperament relationships, pre- and post-semester mood and temperament inventories will be completed.

动物受试者经常暴露于锻炼的压力源冲击（带有恢复期）显示以后对行为的抵抗力抑制和抵抗神经内分泌耗竭（在大脑和外围）遭受以后的（不同）压力源时；免疫此类“加强”程序还遵循增强。对于人类挑战/压力环境，较高的急性儿茶酚胺水平相应具有更好的表现和情感稳定性。假设系统性有氧训练为理想的“加强”操纵人类，这种训练增强了儿茶酚胺的能力（并且肾上腺皮质抑制）在精神挑战或压力。这些增强的神经内分泌过程又介导了有氧训练得出的气质益处。而初步工作在心理挑战/压力中显示这种神经内分泌的“训练效果” 背景下，该研究尚未得到很好的控制或充分控制阐述。由于成对将随机分配给有氧或非野毛的学期体育课程（控制）活动。在实验室会议之前，配对的受试者将睡觉相似的时间，一起吃相同的饭菜，并观察食物限制控制对神经内分泌的无关影响。肾上腺素，将分析非肾上腺素，多巴胺，皮质醇和代谢物MHPG； IGA分析将评估免疫系统效应。尿液和唾液样品将在学期开始和结束时收集放松，精神压力，精神挑战和有氧能力测试。可以预测，儿茶酚胺的增益（和皮质醇抑制）训练有素的有氧运动会更大的挑战或压力更大受试者与对照相比，并与自己进行比较有氧训练；但是，神经内分泌将更快地下降训练有素的受试者挑战/压力发作。学习神经内分泌 - 体验关系，学前和后的情绪和气质清单将完成。