Neural basis of trans-saccadic perception

跨眼跳知觉的神经基础

基本信息

批准号：
10440444
负责人：
JUDE F MITCHELL
金额：
$ 36.95万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-09-01 至 2025-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10440444
关键词：
Address Animal Model Animals Area Attention Behavior Callithrix Callithrix jacchus jacchus Code Complex Cues Electroencephalography Evaluation Exhibits Eye Eye Movements Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Genetic study Human Image Impairment Link Location Measures Methods Modeling Molecular Monkeys Motion Motor Neurodevelopmental Disorder Neurons Noise Parietal Perception Peripheral Population Primates Property Research Resolution Rodent Model Role Saccades Sampling Schizophrenia Sensory Silicon Slide Stimulus Surface Testing Time Vision Visual Visual Acuity Visual Cortex Visual Perception Work area MT area V1 area striata attentional modulation autism spectrum disorder base cognitive process density expectation experimental study feature selection fovea centralis human disease human model improved nervous system disorder neural circuit neuromechanism neurophysiology novel optogenetics rapid eye movement receptive field relating to nervous system response selective attention sensory cortex tool virtual visual information visual processing

项目摘要

Project Summary Human vision relies on rapid eye movements called saccades that occur a few times every second. These saccades bring peripherally identified objects to the fovea for high resolution inspection. This split-second sampling of the world defines the perception-action cycle of natural vision and profoundly impacts perception. While much is known about the neural mechanisms involved in the onset of this cycle, how targets are selected before saccades, virtually nothing is known about how pre-saccadic representations would impact processing of post-saccadic information about targets that now appear at the fovea. The proposed research addresses fundamental questions about how pre- and post-saccadic visual information are combined across saccades to maximize information for attended targets. Experiments will be performed in the common marmoset, a New World primate whose smooth cortex affords advantages for recording with high-density silicon arrays across cortical representations and in the longer term for imaging and optogenetic manipulation of large scale neural circuits. In Aim 1, we will test if pre-saccadic information is enhanced in early visual cortex to favor higher acuity information that is most relevant to the fovea and thus could provide a “foveal preview” to prime post- saccadic processing. In Aim 2 we test if pre-saccadic enhancement is target specific and involves a selection of target features, such as orientation or motion. In Aim 3 we record from foveal populations in early visual cortex to determine how pre-saccadic selection alters post- saccadic processing, and specifically, if pre-saccadic feature selection of the target biases processing to favor the continued selection of the target at the fovea based on increasing gain for its features. This research will provide the first evaluation at the level of single neurons and neural codes of post-saccadic foveal enhancement and the role of pre-saccadic target selection. This has broader impacts for understanding attention under natural viewing conditions where the eyes parse visual scenes, and more generally, for how sensory-motor predictions influence visual perception.

项目概要人类的视觉依赖于快速的眼球运动，称为眼跳，这种运动每隔一段时间就会发生几次。其次，这些眼跳将周围识别的物体带到中央凹以获得高分辨率。这种对世界的瞬间采样定义了自然的感知-行动循环。虽然我们对神经机制了解很多，但它对视觉产生了深远的影响。参与这个周期的开始，如何在眼跳之前选择目标，几乎没有什么是了解扫视前的表示如何影响扫视后的处理有关现在出现在中央凹的目标的信息。拟议的研究解决了这一问题。关于眼跳前和眼跳后视觉信息如何结合的基本问题跨眼跳以最大化关注目标的信息。实验将在以下位置进行。普通狨猴，一种新世界灵长类动物，其光滑的皮质为使用高密度硅阵列跨皮质表征和长期记录用于大规模神经回路的成像和光遗传学操作在目标 1 中，我们将测试是否。早期视觉皮层的前扫视信息得到增强，有利于更高的敏锐度信息这与中央凹最相关，因此可以为黄金后提供“中央凹预览” 在目标 2 中，我们测试扫视前增强是否是目标特定的并且涉及目标特征的选择，例如方向或运动，在目标 3 中我们记录。早期视觉皮层的中心凹群体，以确定眼跳前选择如何改变眼跳后选择扫视处理，特别是目标偏差的预扫视特征选择处理以支持基于增加的增益继续选择中央凹处的目标这项研究将首次在单个神经元水平上进行评估。眼跳后中央凹增强的神经编码和眼跳前目标选择的作用。这对于理解自然观看条件下的注意力具有更广泛的影响，其中眼睛解析视觉场景，更一般地说，解析感觉运动预测如何影响视觉感知。