Supplement: Active and Nonlinear Models for Cochlear Mechanics

补充：耳蜗力学的主动和非线性模型

基本信息

批准号：
10405710
负责人：
Karl Grosh
金额：
$ 22.52万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-01 至 2022-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10405710
关键词：
Acoustic Nerve Acoustic Stimulation Acoustics Address Age Algorithms Animals Auditory Back Basilar Membrane Behavior Biophysics Cations Cells Cochlea Cochlear Implants Code Communities Complex Computer software Computing Methodologies Development Electric Stimulation Elements Failure Freedom Frequencies Funding Goals Grant Hair Hair Cells Health Hearing Hybrids Inner Hair Cells Lead Length Libraries Link Liquid substance Location Loudness Mechanics Microfluidics Modeling Modification Morphology Motivation Music Non-linear Models Organ of Corti Outer Hair Cells Output Pathology Physics Process Prosthesis Publications Research Research Personnel Resources Running Signal Transduction Somatic Cell Speech Speech Recognition Software Speed Structural Models Structure System Testing Time Transducers Travel United States National Institutes of Health Update Variant Water Work base cell motility experimental study fluid flow graphical user interface improved interest mathematical model millimeter models and simulation neural stimulation neurotransmitter release noninvasive diagnosis normal hearing open source otoacoustic emission parent grant predictive modeling pressure repository response simulation sound speech processing tectorial membrane tool user-friendly web site

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY: Fluid flow stimulates the hair bundles (HB) of the inner hair cells (IHC) of the cochlea opening the mechano- electric transducer (MET) channels of the IHCs. The resulting current depolarizes the cell body inducing neurotransmitter release and, ultimately, auditory nerve stimulation. The active machinery of the cochlea, driven by motility of outer hair cells (OHC), both tunes the microfluidic excitation of the IHC HBs and provides for nonlinear compression. However, the relative influence of OHC somatic and HB motility on this final fluidic forcing in the cochlea has yet to be conclusively determined. The specific aims of the parent grant seek to develop mathematical models of these phenomena and rigorously test hypotheses of activity via comparison to existing experiments and work with our collaborators to devise feasible new experiments to test our predictions. This supplement aims to broaden the impact of this work by making a streamlined version of code used in our previous publications available for use and modification by the auditory computation community. We will do this by using open-source software platforms to host our code. This will enable the direct use of the code for simulations under different operating conditions and for modification and improvement of the code. We will publicize this activity through our website, publications, and other presentations. The overarching goal of this research is to develop a complete fluid-mechanical-electrical model that describes the response of the cochlea to external acoustic stimulation. If successful, this model will enhance our understanding of failure mechanisms in the cochlea, answering important questions as to which morphological elements of the cochlea fail and why. Further, this predictive code holds the promise to improve noninvasive diagnosis of auditory function because features of the cochlear response (such as otoacoustic emissions) can be linked to specific pathologies. Finally, having a predictive model over the entire audio spectrum will help us to understand how important classes of signals are processed in the cochlea (such as speech and music) and such understanding can lead to better speech processing algorithms or cochlear implant electrical stimulation approaches.

项目概要：流体流动刺激耳蜗内毛细胞（IHC）的毛束（HB），打开机械- IHC 的电换能器 (MET) 通道。由此产生的电流使细胞体去极化，诱导神经递质释放，最终刺激听觉神经。耳蜗的主动机械，由外毛细胞 (OHC) 的运动驱动，两者均可调节 IHC HB 的微流体激发并提供用于非线性压缩。然而，OHC 体细胞和 HB 运动对最终流体的相对影响耳蜗受力尚未最终确定。家长补助金的具体目标旨在开发这些现象的数学模型，并通过比较严格测试活动的假设现有的实验并与我们的合作者合作设计可行的新实验来测试我们的预测。本补充旨在通过简化代码版本来扩大这项工作的影响在我们之前的出版物中使用的可供听觉计算社区使用和修改。我们将通过使用开源软件平台来托管我们的代码来做到这一点。这将允许直接使用代码用于不同操作条件下的模拟以及代码的修改和改进。我们将通过我们的网站、出版物和其他演示文稿来宣传这项活动。这项研究的总体目标是开发一个完整的流体-机械-电气模型来描述耳蜗对外部声刺激的反应。如果成功的话，这个模型将增强我们的了解耳蜗的失效机制，回答有关形态学的重要问题耳蜗的各个部分失效以及原因。此外，这种预测代码有望改善非侵入性听觉功能的诊断，因为耳蜗反应的特征（例如耳声发射）可以与特定的病理学相关。最后，拥有整个音频频谱的预测模型将帮助我们了解耳蜗中如何处理重要的信号类别（例如语音和音乐）以及这种理解可以带来更好的语音处理算法或人工耳蜗电刺激接近。