Improving measurement of alcohol consumption among HIV-affected youth in sub-Saharan Africa: evaluation and implementation of biomarkers

改进对撒哈拉以南非洲受艾滋病毒影响的青少年饮酒量的测量：生物标志物的评估和实施

• 批准号: 10400760
• 负责人: Jeremy Calvin Kane
• 金额: $ 17.54万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10400760
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Achievement; Address; Adherence; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Adoption; Affect; Africa South of the Sahara; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Back; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Body mass index; Caring; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Clinic; Clinical Research; Collaborations; Consumption; Counseling; Country; Data Collection; Detection; Development; Development Plans; Diagnosis; Dissemination and Implementation; Ecological momentary assessment; Effectiveness; Effectiveness of Interventions; Epidemic; Evaluation; Evidence based practice; Feedback; Focus Groups; Follow-Up Studies; Funding; Gender; Glucuronides; Goals; HIV; HIV Infections; Home; Incidence; Income; Infectious Diseases Research; Interview; Knowledge; Lead; Link; Measurement; Measures; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Minority; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Policy Maker; Population; Prevalence; Procedures; Process; Professional counselor; Protocols documentation; Psychiatric epidemiology; Quality of Care; Religion and Spirituality; Reporting; Research; Research Activity; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resources; Risk; Role; Scientist; Screening Result; Services; Social Desirability; Societies; Strategic Planning; Test Result; Testing; TimeLine; Training; Treatment Efficacy; Treatment outcome; Underserved Population; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Urine; Viral; Visit; Work; Youth; Zambia; alcohol abuse therapy; alcohol epidemiology; alcohol intervention; alcohol measurement; alcohol misuse; alcohol risk; alcohol screening; alcohol services; alcohol testing; base; brief intervention; career; career development; catalyst; clinical practice; cost; design; diagnostic tool; effectiveness evaluation; efficacy study; evidence base; experience; feasibility testing; follow-up; formative assessment; future implementation; health disparity; high risk sexual behavior; implementation determinants; implementation research; implementation science; implementation strategy; improved; innovation; laboratory experience; multidisciplinary; novel; phosphatidylethanol; point-of-care diagnostics; population based; prevention service; programs; public health relevance; randomized trial; reduced alcohol use; screening; screening and brief intervention; social stigma; stressor; transmission process; treatment services; underage drinking; uptake

HIV-affected adolescents and young adults (AYA) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) experience stressors that increase their risk for problematic alcohol use, which in turn can lead to HIV infection or transmission and poor HIV outcomes, including linkage to care and ART adherence. Efforts to address the HIV epidemic among adolescents and young adults in SSA have therefore focused, in part, on treating risky alcohol use. Yet, the vast majority of HIV-affected AYA in SSA who need alcohol services do not receive them, resulting in a substantial treatment gap. A critical barrier to the accurate screening for risky alcohol use among AYA and provision of appropriate treatment is a lack of objective measures for alcohol consumption in HIV care settings, which rely primarily on self-report alone. This K01 mentored research scientist development proposal aims to examine the role of biomarkers in improving alcohol screening and treatment referral among AYA in HIV prevention and treatment clinics. Specifically, the proposal will investigate a urine-based biomarker, ethyl glucuronide (UEtG), which has displayed potential as a point-of-care diagnostic tool among clinic-based populations in the U.S. but has not been investigated as a valid and feasible method within HIV care settings among AYA. Research activities for this proposal will take place in Zambia, a country with one of the highest HIV prevalence estimates in the world. The research will leverage over a decade of HIV research in Zambia by Johns Hopkins University and a longstanding collaboration with Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia (CIDRZ), the local implementing partner. Specific aims of the proposal are to: 1) assess the test characteristics of UEtG among HIV-affected AYA in Zambia; 2) develop a protocol for the use of rapid UEtG dip card testing embedded within AYA HIV prevention and treatment; and 3) pilot the UEtG protocol developed in Aim 2 and refine procedures with a formative evaluation process. Findings will inform implementation strategies that can be tested in a follow-up study. The research is designed to be an integral component of a rigorous training and career development plan focused on HIV/AIDS, alcohol biomarkers, and implementation science. Training will take the form of coursework, lab training, and one-on-one mentorship with an experienced and dedicated team of multidisciplinary mentors and consultants who are widely considered to be experts in their respective fields. The goal of the professional development plan is to facilitate the candidate's transition into an independent investigator in alcohol epidemiology and implementation science with specific expertise in HIV and biomarkers. The proposal is directly in line with Goal 2 (“improve diagnosis and tracking of alcohol misuse”) and Objective 5c (“facilitating dissemination and implementation of evidence-based practices for diagnosing alcohol misuse”) of the NIAAA Strategic plan 2017-2021. The proposal is consistent with NIH high priority HIV research in addressing “health disparities in the incidence of new HIV infections” and “research training of the workforce required to conduct high priority HIV/AIDS or HIV/AIDS-related research.”

撒哈拉以南非洲 (SSA) 受艾滋病毒影响的青少年和年轻人 (AYA) 所经历的压力源 增加他们酗酒的风险，进而导致艾滋病毒感染或传播和贫困 艾滋病毒结果，包括与护理和抗逆转录病毒疗法依从性的联系 努力解决艾滋病毒流行问题。 因此，SSA 的青少年和年轻人在一定程度上将重点放在治疗危险饮酒上。 SSA 中绝大多数需要酒精服务的受艾滋病毒影响的 AYA 没有得到服务，导致 严重的治疗差距是准确筛查 AYA 和危险饮酒的关键障碍。 提供适当的治疗是由于缺乏针对艾滋病毒护理机构中饮酒的客观措施， 该 K01 指导的研究科学家发展提案主要依靠自我报告。 研究生物标志物在改善艾滋病毒 AYA 酒精筛查和治疗转诊方面的作用 具体来说，该提案将研究基于尿液的生物标志物乙基。 葡萄糖醛酸苷 (UEtG)，已显示出作为临床诊断工具的潜力 在美国人群中，但尚未将其作为艾滋病毒护理机构中有效且可行的方法进行研究 该提案的研究活动将在赞比亚进行，该国是 AYA 水平最高的国家之一。 该研究将利用赞比亚十多年来的艾滋病毒研究成果。 约翰霍普金斯大学与传染病研究中心的长期合作 当地实施伙伴赞比亚 (CIDRZ) 该提案的具体目标是： 1) 评估测试。 赞比亚受艾滋病毒影响的 AYA 的 UEtG 特征；2) 制定快速 UEtG 的使用方案； AYA HIV 预防和治疗中嵌入了 Dip 卡测试；3) 试点开发了 UEtG 协议 目标 2 并通过形成性评估流程完善程序。调查结果将为实施提供信息。 可以在后续研究中进行测试的策略 该研究被设计为一个不可分割的组成部分。 严格的培训和职业发展计划，重点关注艾滋病毒/艾滋病、酒精生物标志物和实施 培训将采取课程作业、实验室培训和一对一指导的形式。 经验丰富、敬业的多学科导师和顾问团队，被广泛认为是 专业发展计划的目标是促进候选人的发展。 转变为酒精流行病学和科学实施方面的独立研究者，并具有具体的 该提案直接符合目标 2（“改善艾滋病毒的诊断和追踪”）。 酒精滥用”）和目标 5c（“促进循证实践的传播和实施 NIAAA 2017-2021 年战略计划的“用于诊断酒精滥用”）该提案与 NIH 一致。 高度优先的艾滋病毒研究，以解决“新艾滋病毒感染发生率的健康差异”，以及 “对开展高度优先的艾滋病毒/艾滋病或艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关研究所需的劳动力进行研究培训。”