NEUROETHOLOGICAL MODELS FOR ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION

声音交流的神经行为学模型

• 批准号: 2240594
• 负责人: RONALD R HOY
• 金额: $ 10.91万
• 依托单位: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-04-01 至 1999-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2240594
• 关键词: Insecta; alternatives to animals in research; animal communication behavior; auditory pathways; behavioral habituation /sensitization; biological models; choice; electromyography; model design /development; neural plasticity; neuroanatomy; neurotransmitter receptor; perception; psychoacoustics; sensorimotor system; sound frequency; startle reaction

This proposal is a request for an ADAMHA Research Scientist Award (RSA). The research will focus on the investigation of neurobehavioral mechanisms that underlie auditory function and communication in crickets and flies because these insects can serve as model systems for understanding sensory processing and communication in higher animals. A major project involves the acoustic startle response (ASR) of crickets, which has numerous parallels to the ASR of mammals. The cricket's ASR exhibits several types of behavioral plasticity, including habituation, sensitization, and precedence effect, and the possibility that plasticity is under neuromodulatory control by biogenic amines will be investigated. In insects, acoustic behavior is mediated by many diverse mechanisms of sound production and a variety of hearing organs (ears), which are distributed among well-defined taxonomic lineages. Thus, it becomes possible to correlate the process by which identified neural changes occur with the pattern of acoustic behavior that evolved within insects. Thus, mechanistic physiological studies can be linked to an investigation of how behavioral adaptations evolve, a key first step in an evolutionary neuroethological approach to the study of behavior. The P.I. plans to continue his science education and mentoring activities through his involvement with the Grass Foundation, the Laboratory of Ornithology, and Bennington College. Other activities will include the development of laboratory teaching modules for undergraduate neuroscience, science enrichment through the introduction of bioacoustic teaching materials in grades K-12, and involvement with the Ithaca Science Center.

该提案是对 ADAMHA 研究科学家奖 (RSA) 的请求。 该研究将侧重于神经行为机制的研究 是蟋蟀和苍蝇听觉功能和交流的基础 因为这些昆虫可以作为理解感官的模型系统 高等动物的加工和交流。 一个重大项目涉及 蟋蟀的声惊吓反应（ASR），有许多 与哺乳动物的 ASR 相似。 蟋蟀的 ASR 有多种类型 行为可塑性，包括习惯化、敏感化和 优先效应，以及可塑性受到影响的可能性 将研究生物胺的神经调节控制。 在昆虫中，声音行为是由许多不同的机制介导的 声音的产生和各种听觉器官（耳朵）， 分布在明确的分类谱系中。 这样，就变成了 可能将已识别的神经变化发生的过程关联起来 与昆虫体内进化的声音行为模式有关。 因此， 机械生理​​学研究可以与研究如何 行为适应的进化是进化过程中关键的第一步 研究行为的神经行为学方法。 P.I.计划继续他的科学教育和指导活动 通过他对格拉斯基金会、实验室的参与 鸟类学和本宁顿学院。 其他活动将包括 本科生神经科学实验室教学模块的开发， 通过引入生物声学教学来丰富科学 K-12 年级的材料，并参与伊萨卡科学中心。