Understanding how alcohol use affects adolescent COVID-19 acquisition and disease course overtime

了解饮酒如何影响青少年 COVID-19 感染和病程

• 批准号: 10393439
• 负责人: Michele L. Ybarra
• 金额: $ 33万
• 依托单位: CENTER FOR INNOVATIVE PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-21 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10393439
• 关键词: 17 year old; 18 year old; Address; Adolescent; Adolescent Risk Behavior; Affect; African American; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Cessation of life; Consumption; Data; Development; Disease; Ensure; Family; Frequencies; Future; Health; Health Policy; Hispanics; Home; Incidence; Intervention; Lead; Length; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Longitudinal trends; Mental Health; Minority; Nature; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Pattern; Population; Procedures; Public Health; Quarantine; Reporting; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; SARS-CoV-2 negative; SARS-CoV-2 positive; School-Age Population; Schools; Severities; Severity of illness; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Sexual and Gender Minority Youth; Social Distance; Surveys; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Virus; Youth; alcohol use disorder; base; binge drinking; coping; coronavirus disease; empowered; ethnic minority population; expedited review; experience; gender minority; health disparity; health inequalities; high school; immune system function; longitudinal analysis; pandemic disease; poor sleep; prospective; racial minority; recruit; response; sexual minority; sleep pattern; social; social media; stressor; theories; underage drinking; vulnerable adolescent

One in six 14-17 year-olds (16.3%) have tested positive for COVID-19. Understanding the factors that confer increased risk is imperative given adolescents’ vulnerable developmental stage. One particularly salient risk factor may be alcohol use, both because intense alcohol use negatively impacts immune system functioning and sleep patterns, and also because consuming alcohol with others could lead to lowered inhibitions that result in reduced social distancing. COVID-19 also may be impacting the way in which adolescents consume alcohol, potentially with life-long consequences. Understanding how pandemic experiences have affected the frequency and intensity of alcohol use is necessary for ensuring sufficient treatment supports for youth. It also is crucial to know how alcohol may affect the COVID-19 disease course, including the severity and long-term impact on somatic and mental health. The pandemic also has reified long-standing health inequities. Indeed, data overwhelming suggest that Black/African American and Hispanic people are significantly more likely to acquire COVID-19, and to have a worse disease course. The same is true for people who identify as a sexual and gender minority (SGM). Before the pandemic, high school-aged SGM youth reported higher rates of alcohol use than non-SGM youth, whereas rates were similar for Hispanic and White youth and significantly lower for Black/African American youth. Ensuring that we understand how pandemic experiences and alcohol together may be conferring risk similarly and differently for these minority adolescent populations is fundamental to addressing disparities. In response to RFA-AA-21-002, we propose to recruit and survey 2,500 14-18 year-olds, 500 of whom will have tested positive for COVID-19 in the past 3 months and 2,000 of whom will have never tested positive for COVID-19. Using procedures successfully implemented by the research team previously, adolescents will be recruited on social media and surveyed online. This will afford a national scope while empowering youth to engage in this sensitive survey topic where and when it is safe for them. Youth who have tested positive for COVID-19 at baseline will be asked to retrospectively report their disease severity, progression, and outcomes, as well as their current COVID-19-related symptoms. Both youth who have been positive and those who are negative for COVID-19 will provide information about their past and current alcohol use, as well as past and current COVID-protective and -risk behaviors. All youth then will be prospectively followed for 24 months. They will complete comprehensive online surveys at 6-, 12-, 18- and 24-months, and brief, monthly surveys that query the key exposures and outcomes in the in-between months. Our main exposures will be 1) alcohol use in the past 30 days, 2) binge drinking in the past 30 days, and 3) alcohol use disorder. Our main outcome measures will be: 1) COVID-19 acquisition; 2) the extent of and 3) length to which symptoms are experienced. Findings will have both short- and long-term impact on the public health response to this and future pandemics.

六分之一的 14-17 岁儿童 (16.3%) 的 COVID-19 检测结果呈阳性。 鉴于青少年处于脆弱的发展阶段，增加风险势在必行。 因素可能是饮酒，因为大量饮酒会对免疫系统功能产生负面影响 和睡眠模式，而且还因为与他人饮酒可能会导致抑制力降低 导致社交距离减少也可能影响青少年的消费方式。 酒精，可能会产生终生后果。 饮酒的频率和强度对于确保为青少年提供足够的治疗支持也是必要的。 了解酒精如何影响 COVID-19 病程（包括严重程度和长期影响）至关重要 对身心健康的影响。 事实上，大量数据表明，这场大流行还具体化了长期存在的健康不平等问题。 黑人/非裔美国人和西班牙裔人感染 COVID-19 的可能性明显更高，并且 对于性少数群体（SGM）来说，病情恶化也是如此。 在疫情爆发之前，高中生SGM青年的饮酒率高于非SGM青年， 而西班牙裔和白人青年的比率相似，而黑人/非裔美国人的比率则明显较低 确保我们了解流行病经历和酒精一起可能带来的风险。 对于这些少数群体青少年来说，同样和不同的做法对于解决差异至关重要。 为了回应 RFA-AA-21-002，我们建议招募和调查 2,500 名 14-18 岁的人，其中 500 名将 过去 3 个月内检测出 COVID-19 呈阳性，其中 2,000 人从未检测出阳性 使用研究小组之前成功实施的程序，青少年将能够预防新冠肺炎 (COVID-19)。 在社交媒体上招募并进行在线调查，这将提供全国范围的机会，同时赋予年轻人权力。 在对检测呈阳性的青少年来说安全的地点和时间参与这一敏感的调查主题。 基线时的 COVID-19 将被要求回顾性报告其疾病严重程度、进展和结果， 以及他们当前的 COVID-19 相关症状，包括呈阳性的青少年和呈阳性的青少年。 COVID-19 呈阴性将提供有关他们过去和当前饮酒情况以及过去和现在的信息 所有青少年当前的新冠病毒防护和风险行为将被前瞻性跟踪 24 个月。 将完成 6、12、18 和 24 个月的全面在线调查，以及简短的月度调查， 查询这几个月之间的主要暴露和结果 我们的主要暴露是 1) 饮酒。 过去 30 天内，2) 过去 30 天内酗酒，以及 3) 酒精使用障碍。 措施包括：1) 感染 COVID-19；2) 症状的程度和持续时间。 研究结果将对此次和未来流行病的公共卫生应对产生短期和长期影响。