Communicating Waterpipe Tobacco Harms to Reduce Use among Young Adults

宣传水烟烟草的危害以减少年轻人的使用

• 批准号: 10370310
• 负责人: Erin L Sutfin
• 金额: $ 49.63万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10370310
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Advertisements; Age; Aldehydes; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Attitude; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Carbon Monoxide; Cardiovascular system; Chemicals; Chronic; Cigarette; Cognitive; Communication; Consumption; Cross-Over Trials; Dependence; Development; Disease; Effectiveness; Epidemiology; Exposure to; Federal Government; Goals; Health; Heavy Metals; High Prevalence; Image; Intervention; Knowledge; Legal; Libraries; Local Government; Lung; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Motivation; Neuraxis; New York City; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Perception; Policies; Population; Public Health; Randomized; Regulation; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Sales; Sampling; Science; State Government; Surveys; Testing; Text; Tobacco; Tobacco smoking behavior; Tobacco use; Tobacco-Related Carcinoma; Toxic effect; United States Food and Drug Administration; Use Effectiveness; addiction liability; age group; arm; arterial stiffness; authority; base; cancer prevention; cancer risk; carcinogenicity; cigarette smoking; combustible tobacco; design; experimental study; federal policy; health warning; hookah; negative affect; prevent; prospective; smoking initiation; tobacco prevention; toxicant; young adult

Project Summary Young adults have the highest prevalence of waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) of any age group in the U.S. Extensive evidence shows that they consistently misperceive WTS as less harmful and less addictive than cigarette smoking, and these misperceptions are positively associated with WTS. Despite these widely held misperceptions, WTS is associated with serious acute and chronic harms, even among infrequent users. In addition, WTS is prospectively associated with cigarette smoking initiation putting young adults at greater risk for cancer. Considerable evidence shows that cigarette warnings effectively convey health information to consumers, resulting in increased motivation to quit and quit attempts. Waterpipe warnings have the potential to convey accurate information about health harms to consumers, but the currently-mandated text warning, focused solely on nicotine addiction, is likely to have limited impact. The goal of this project is to develop warnings to promote greater understanding of harms and to reduce WTS behavior among young adults. We will use a systematic, evidence-driven, rigorous approach to develop waterpipe warnings and test these newly- developed warnings in two contexts: (1) on waterpipe tobacco packaging; and (2) in an ecologically-valid waterpipe café setting. In Aim 1, we will develop text and pictorial waterpipe tobacco warnings to effectively communicate a broad range of health harms. We will first develop 30 text warnings based on the most robust science; then vet warnings with experts in WTS epidemiology, toxicity, and regulation. We will next conduct a national survey to determine the five most effective text warnings, which will then each be paired with three different images creating 15 pictorial warnings. We will conduct a second national survey to determine the most promising image for each of the five text warning statements, resulting in five text and five corresponding pictorial warnings to be carried forward to Aim 2. In Aim 2, we will evaluate the effect of text or pictorial warnings on waterpipe tobacco packaging on WTS intentions using a nationally representative sample of 1,500 young adults and will determine the two text and two corresponding pictorial warnings with the highest perceived effectiveness for use in Aim 3. In Aim 3, we will determine the impact of text and pictorial warnings displayed at waterpipe cafés on WTS behavior. We will conduct a three-arm (text, pictorial, no warning control) cluster randomized crossover trial in 18 waterpipe cafés to determine the effect of warning type on young adults' WTS behavior using an objective, biological marker of waterpipe tobacco consumption (expired carbon monoxide). This study will contribute to a growing body of research on how best to design health warnings to discourage WTS, and will identify important behavioral antecedents, which may include negative affect, cognitive elaboration, perceived risks, and knowledge. The proposed research has the potential to make a significant contribution towards cancer prevention by reducing WTS through the development and testing of warnings that could influence local, state, and federal policies.

项目概要 在美国所有年龄段中，年轻人的水烟吸烟率 (WTS) 最高。 大量证据表明，他们一直错误地认为 WTS 比 WTS 危害更小，成瘾性更小。 尽管人们普遍认为吸烟，但这些误解与 WTS 呈正相关。 尽管存在误解，WTS 仍会造成严重的急性和慢性伤害，即使对于不经常使用的人也是如此。 此外，WTS 可能与开始吸烟有关，使年轻人面临更大的风险 大量证据表明，香烟警告有效地向人们传达了健康信息。 水烟警告有可能增加消费者的戒烟动机和戒烟尝试。 向消费者传达有关健康危害的准确信息，但目前强制的文字警告， 该项目的目标是开发仅针对尼古丁成瘾的药物，其影响可能有限。 警告，以促进对危害的更多了解并减少年轻人中的 WTS 行为。 将使用系统的、证据驱动的、严格的方法来开发水烟警告并测试这些新的- 制定了两种情况下的警告：（1）水烟烟草包装；（2）生态有效的警告； 在目标 1 中，我们将制定文字和图片水烟烟草警告，以有效地提高水烟咖啡馆的环境。 我们将首先根据最严重的情况制定 30 条文字警告。 可靠的科学；然后与 WTS 流行病学、毒性和监管方面的专家一起审查警告。 进行全国调查以确定五个最有效的文字警告，然后将每个警告配对 我们将使用三张不同的图像创建 15 个图片警告。 为五个文本警告语句中的每一个确定最有希望的图像，从而产生五个文本和五个 相应的图片警告将转入目标 2。在目标 2 中，我们将评估文字或 使用具有全国代表性的样本在水烟烟草包装上显示 WTS 意图的图片警告 1,500 名年轻人将确定得分最高的两个文字和相应的两个图片警告 在目标 3 中使用的感知有效性。在目标 3 中，我们将确定文字和图片警告的影响 在水烟咖啡馆展示对WTS行为我们将进行三臂（文字、图画、无警告控制）。 在 18 家水烟咖啡馆进行整群随机交叉试验，以确定警告类型对年轻人的影响 使用水烟烟草消费的客观生物标记（过期碳 这项研究将有助于越来越多的关于如何最好地设计健康警告的研究。 阻止 WTS，并将识别重要的行为前因，其中可能包括负面影响、 认知阐述、感知风险和知识。拟议的研究有潜力做出一个贡献。 通过开发和测试减少WTS，对癌症预防做出重大贡献 可能影响地方、州和联邦政策的警告。