FUNCTION AND ACTIVITY OF NATURAL PRODUCTS

天然产品的功能和活性

• 批准号: 2178019
• 负责人: TOM J MABRY
• 金额: $ 8.16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-07-10 至 1996-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2178019
• 关键词: aminoacid; antibiotics; antiviral agents; biosynthesis; chemical structure function; drug screening /evaluation; neurotoxins; pest control; phenols; plant extracts; plant physiology; plant proteins; ribosomes; terpenes; tissue /cell culture

In order to understand the mechanisms by which natural products function in intact plants and their usefulness for mankind, it is important to continue efforts to determine the relationships between structure, function, and physiological activity. The attempt to understand such relationships unites all projects outlined in this proposal. Terpenoids, phenolics, phytoalexins, nonprotein amino acids, and antiviral proteins are of particular interest in our program as they are all known to be physiologically active in a large number of living organisms. Such genera as Hymenoxys and Gaillardia (Asteraceae) and Ferula (Apiaceae) will continue to be important for terpenoid and phenolic studies because species in these and related genera are particularly rich sources of these types of compounds. Other ongoing projects concern the function of ribosome inactivating (antiviral) proteins in Phytolacca species. Having determined that purified Phytolacca ribosomes are indeed inactivated by Phytolacca antiviral proteins in cell-free assays, we will now investigate interactions between these ribosome inactivating proteins and ribosomes in Phytolacca whole cells, in both the presence and absence of viruses. Our finding that the cactus Cephalocereus senilis exhibits a unique chemical response to fungal and bacterial attack led to the discovery that aurones represent a new class of phytoalexins (antimicrobial compounds). The molecular control of induced aurone biosynthesis in this cactus will be investigated. Arid land plants usually produce large amounts of many different types of interesting natural products, yet there are few molecular studies of such plants. Therefore phytoalexin responses of other plants adapted to arid conditions will also be investigated. Studies of nonprotein amino acids will focus on legumes and cycads since both groups are known to contain unusual amino acids and related small peptides that may be neurotoxic to man and other animals.

为了了解天然产品运作的机制 在完整的植物及其对人类的有用性中，重要的是 继续努力确定结构之间的关系， 功能和生理活动。 尝试理解这样的尝试 关系将本提案中概述的所有项目团结在一起。 萜类， 酚类，植物甲状腺素，非蛋白质氨基酸和抗病毒蛋白 在我们的计划中特别感兴趣，因为它们都是众所周知的 在大量生物体中生理活跃。 这样的 如hymenoxys和Gaillardia（星状科）和Ferula（apiaceae）属 对于萜类和酚类研究将继续很重要，因为 这些和相关属的物种是特别丰富的来源 这些类型的化合物。 其他正在进行的项目涉及的功能 核糖体灭活（抗病毒）蛋白质中的蛋白质。 有 确定纯化的植物核糖体确实被灭活 无细胞测定中的植物抗病毒蛋白，我们现在将 研究这些核糖体灭活蛋白与 在存在和不存在的情况下 病毒。 我们的发现，仙人掌头孢子虫Senilis表现出 对真菌和细菌攻击的独特化学反应导致 发现Aurones代表了新的植物毒素类 （抗菌化合物）。 诱导的过敏的分子对照 将研究该仙人掌中的生物合成。 干旱的土地植物 通常会产生大量不同类型的有趣 天然产物，但是对这种植物的分子研究很少。 因此 条件也将被调查。 非蛋白质氨基酸的研究 由于已知两组都包含 不寻常的氨基酸和相关的小肽，可能是神经毒性的 人和其他动物。