NONLINEARITY TO DISSECT THE VISUAL SYSTEM

非线性剖析视觉系统

• 批准号: 2163918
• 负责人: ANDREW STOCKMAN
• 金额: $ 9.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-07-01 至 1998-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2163918
• 关键词: NONLINEARITY; DISSECT; VISUAL; SYSTEM

A series of experiments is proposed that will use various non-linearities revealed by time-varying visual stimuli to analyze the human visual pathway. When an input signal passes through a non-linear site, new signal components are produced that were not present at its input. By carefully manipulating the visual stimuli that provide the input signal to the non-linearity, it is possible to distinguish the temporal properties of the visual pathways before and after each non-linear site. Three non-linearities will be studied. Each causes a burst of flicker to be perceived differently from a steady light of the same time-averaged intensity and chromaticity. The first, a compressive non-linearity, causes S-cone detected flicker to change in color; the second, also a compressive non-linearity, causes bursts of M- of L-cone detected flicker to change in color and saturation; and the third, an expansive non- linearity, causes bursts of M- or L-cone detected flicker to increase in apparent brightness. The primary aim of the proposed experiments is to use each non-linearity to dissect the early visual pathway. In some experiments, the non-linearity will be used as a recording electrode -- to measure the temporal frequency response of the visual system before the non-linearity; and in others it will be used as a stimulating electrode -- to measure the temporal frequency response of the visual system after the non-linearity. Preliminary evidence suggests that the temporal frequency response after each compressive non-linearity is characteristic of a chromatic pathway, while the response before each compressive non-linearity may more closely reflect the temporal frequency response of the receptors that the results of conventional temporal sensitivity measurements. It is proposed that the expansive non- linearity that affects M- and L-cone flicker is in a separate luminance pathway. The results of the proposed experiments will provide new insights into the postreceptoral organization of the visual system. Each non-linear site can provide a landmark at which psychophysical and physiological results can be compared. In the long-term, these experiments also may have important clinical implications, since it will be possible to use each non-linear site to localize and damage or deterioration that results from degenerative disease.

提出了一系列使用各种非线性的实验 通过随时间变化的视觉刺激揭示来分析人类视觉 途径。 当输入信号通过非线性站点时，新的 产生的信号分量在其输入端不存在。 经过 仔细操纵提供输入信号的视觉刺激 对于非线性，可以区分时间 每个非线性站点之前和之后的视觉通路的属性。 将研究三个非线性。 每个都会引起一阵闪烁 与相同时间平均的稳定光的感知不同 强度和色度。 第一个，压缩非线性， 导致 S 锥体检测到的闪烁发生颜色变化；第二个，也是一个 压缩非线性，导致 L 锥体的 M 突发检测到闪烁 改变颜色和饱和度；第三，一个广泛的非 线性，导致 M 或 L 锥体检测到的闪烁突发增加 表观亮度。 所提出的实验的主要目的是 使用每个非线性来剖析早期视觉通路。 在一些 实验中，非线性将被用作记录电极—— 测量视觉系统的时间频率响应 非线性；在其他情况下，它将被用作刺激 电极——测量视觉的时间频率响应 非线性后的系统。 初步证据表明 每次压缩非线性后的时间频率响应为 色彩通路的特征，而每个之前的响应 压缩非线性可以更准确地反映时间频率 传统时间结果的受体反应 灵敏度测量。 建议扩大非 影响 M 和 L 锥体闪烁的线性度位于单独的亮度中 途径。 所提出的实验结果将提供新的 深入了解视觉系统的感受器后组织。 每个 非线性站点可以提供一个里程碑，在该处心理物理学和 生理结果可以进行比较。 从长远来看，这些 实验也可能具有重要的临床意义，因为它会 可以使用每个非线性站点来定位和损坏或 退行性疾病导致的恶化。