OTOACOUSTIC EMISSIONS IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN

婴儿和儿童的耳声发射

• 批准号: 2127118
• 负责人: BETH A. PRIEVE
• 金额: $ 10.03万
• 依托单位: SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-09-01 至 1998-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2127118
• 关键词: auditory discrimination; auditory stimulus; auditory threshold; child (0-11); cochlea; developmental neurobiology; hearing disorders; hearing tests; human subject; infant human (0-1 year); longitudinal human study; noise; sound frequency; tympanum

Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are acoustic responses that originate from the inner ear and can be measured with an insert microphone placed in the ear canal. These responses can be recorded quickly and noninvasively, and cannot be measured from ears having as little as 25 dB of hearing loss. For these reasons, OAEs are being advocated by many researchers as a possible test for diagnosing hearing loss in infants. Many centers are currently investigating the possibility of using OAEs in neonatal nurseries to screen for hearing loss, but little attention has been directed to understanding maturational changes of OAEs in infants to the age of 2 years. It is essential that a better understanding of OAEs in infants be gained to be maximally beneficial in this population. The main purpose of the proposed research is to study OAEs longitudinally from birth to two years of age in humans. The rationale for these studies is that preliminary data as well as those from other researchers indicate that transient-evoked, distortion product and spontaneous OAEs measured in infants have greater levels and higher frequency content than those measured in older children, even those aged only 2 years, and adults. The hypothesis motivating these studies is to investigate the possibility that the cochlea itself continues to develop post-natally. OAEs are thought to be a reflection of biomechanical activity from the cochlea, and thus, are an excellent measure to test whether the cochlea, independent of maturation of mylenization, matures post-natally. Research has also shown that multifrequency tympanograms change with age, which has been an indication of developmental changes of the middle ear. Correlations between changes in multifrequency tympanograms and changes in OAEs in individual subjects will suggest which changes in the OAEs could be due to influences of middle ear maturation. Correlations between DPOAEs and COAEs will also be tested which will lead to better understanding of evoked OAEs. One practical side issue will result from these experiments, which is to determine optimal stimulus parameters to evoke DPOAEs in infants, a clinically useful outcome. In combination, these studies will provide information about development of the auditory system in infants and measures that will lead to identification of hearing loss at a very critical period in human life.

耳声排放（OAE）是源自源自的声音反应 内耳，可以用放置在 耳道。这些响应可以快速，无创记录，并且 无法通过仅25 dB的听力损失的耳朵来测量。 由于这些原因，许多研究人员都提倡OAE作为一个 可能测试婴儿的听力损失。许多中心是 目前正在调查在新生儿使用OAE的可能性 托儿所要筛选听力损失，但很少关注 致力于理解婴儿中OAE的成熟变化 年龄2岁。对OAE的更好理解至关重要 在该人群中获得最大的利益。 拟议研究的主要目的是纵向研究OAE 从出生到两岁的人类。这些研究的理由 该初步数据以及其他研究人员的数据表明 在以瞬态诱发的，失真的产物和自发的OAE 婴儿的水平更高，频率含量更高。 在年龄较大的儿童中，甚至只有2岁的孩子和成年人。这 促使这些研究的假设是为了调查 耳蜗本身继续在产后发展。人们认为OAE 反映了来自耳蜗的生物力学活性，因此是 测试耳蜗的绝佳措施是否与 霉菌化的成熟，后产后成熟。研究也表明 多频的鼓膜图随年龄变化，这是 指示中耳的发育变化。相关性 在多频鼓图的变化与OAE中的变化之间 个别受试者会建议OAE的哪些变化可能是由于 中耳成熟的影响。 DPOAES与COAE之间的相关性 还将进行测试，这将导致对唤起的更好理解 OAE。这些实验将引起一个实际的附带问题， 是为了确定最佳刺激参数，以引起婴儿的dpoaes，a 临床上有用的结果。结合这些研究将提供 有关婴儿和婴儿听觉系统开发的信息 措施将导致识别听力损失的措施 人类生活中的关键时期。