AUDITORY PROCESSING OF UNCERTAIN STIMULI

不确定刺激的听觉处理

基本信息

批准号：
2126114
负责人：
Donna L Neff
金额：
$ 11.84万
依托单位：
FATHER FLANAGAN'S BOYS' HOME
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1990-12-01 至 1996-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The long-term goal of this project is a better understanding of the interaction of peripheral and central auditory processes that determine performance under conditions of stimulus uncertainty, that is, when one or more of the physical properties of the sounds cannot be predicted. Unlike many psychophysical studies which seek to minimize the influence of central processes, these experiments examine conditions in which central processes significantly influence or dominate performance. Our previous work has focused on the large effects of masker frequency uncertainty in the detection of a known signal. In the proposed work, we undertake a more general examination of the effects of stimulus uncertainty, adopting a common approach to the measurement of both masker and signal uncertainty. The absence of such an approach has hindered the development of more general models of the effects of uncertainty. We test the hypothesis that uncertainty effects may best be understood in terms of the ratio of relevant (to be processed) variability to irrelevant (to be ignored) variability, in an information-based analog to the ratio of signal-to-noise-powers that govern energy-based masking. We first develop stimuli and procedures which allow us to quantify the amount of masker uncertainty, and then use these to explore the effects of irrelevant uncertainty both alone and in combination with effects of relevant variation or effects of energy-based masking. The experiments proposed are grouped in three series which examine: 1) how best to measure uncertainty; 2) the sources of the uncertainty effects; and 3) the combination rules for the effects of irrelevant uncertainty, relevant uncertainty, and energy-based masking. Because stimulus uncertainty is inherent in everyday listening situations, these experiments will contribute to more realistic models of auditory processing that include both peripheral and central processes.

该项目的长期目标是更好地理解确定周围和中央听觉过程的相互作用在刺激不确定性条件下的性能，即，无法预测声音的更多物理特性。与众不同许多试图最大程度地减少中心影响的心理学研究过程，这些实验检查了中央过程的条件显着影响或主导性能。我们以前的工作有专注于掩蔽频率不确定性的巨大影响检测已知信号。在拟议的工作中，我们进行了更多对刺激不确定性影响的一般检查，采用掩盖器和信号不确定性测量的常见方法。缺乏这种方法阻碍了更多的发展不确定性影响的一般模型。我们检验了以下假设最好从不确定性效应来理解相关（要处理）与无关的变异性（要忽略）可变性，基于信息的类似负责基于能量的掩蔽的信号到噪声能力。我们首先发展刺激和程序，使我们能够量化掩蔽器的量不确定性，然后使用这些探索无关的影响单独并与相关的影响结合使用不确定性基于能量的掩蔽的变化或影响。提出的实验是分组为三个系列：1）如何最好地衡量不确定性； 2）不确定性效应的来源； 3）组合规则不确定的不确定性，相关不确定性和基于能量的掩蔽。因为刺激不确定性是每天固有的聆听情况，这些实验将有助于更现实听觉处理模型，包括外围和中央过程。