CONSTRAINTS ON INTERMODAL ABILITIES IN INFANTS

婴儿多式联运能力的限制

• 批准号: 3430574
• 负责人: RICHARD F BRAATEN
• 金额: $ 6.86万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF DENVER (COLORADO SEMINARY)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-07-01 至 1995-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3430574
• 关键词: association learning; auditory stimulus; brightness discrimination; cues; developmental psychology; human subject; infant human (0-1 year); loudness; paired stimuli; perception; preference; psychomotor reaction time; sound frequency; space perception; visual perception; visual stimulus

This proposal is about the perception and learning by infants of relationships between events in different sensory modalities. At least some of the correspondences that infants perceive between auditory and visual stimuli are not arbitrary. Six-month old infants perceive a synesthetic relationship between the-dimensions of auditory pitch and visual location: high pitch is perceived as corresponding with high visual location, and low pitch with low visual location. The major focus of this proposal is on biological constraints that may operate on the perception and learning of auditory-visual relationships. Although the primary goal is to further knowledge about the development of synesthetic perception in normal infants, the results could be potentially used in the future to design methods of facilitating perception in the sensory-impaired. The project has two specific aims: 1) Infants at 3, 6, and 12 months of age will be studied in order to get a picture of the developmental course of synesthetic abilities. The studies would provide data that address the problem of the origin of intermodal abilities. 2) The ability of infants to learn specific auditory-visual relationships will be investigated. Infants may be biologically prepared to learn synesthetically congruent relationships more readily than synesthetically incongruent relationships. Two methods will be used to address these issues. In the first method, infants' visual reaction times to look at pictures will be measured while the infants are simultaneously presented with an auditory stimulus. It is expected that reaction times to look at pictures with a synesthetically congruent relationship between sound and picture will be faster than reaction times to pictures with a synesthetically incongruent sound-picture relationship. The second method will measure the looking preference of infants for two pictures which are presented simultaneously while the infant is also presented with a sound. It is expected that the infants will prefer to look at the picture that synesthetically corresponds to the sound.

该提案是关于婴儿的感知和学习 不同感官模式中事件之间的关系。 至少 婴儿在听觉和听觉之间感知到的一些对应关系 视觉刺激不是任意的。 六个月大的婴儿感知到 音调维度与听觉维度之间的联觉关系 视觉位置：高音调被认为与高音相对应 视觉位置，以及低视觉位置的低音调。 主要焦点 该提案的重点是可能对生物体产生影响的生物限制 听觉-视觉关系的感知和学习。 虽然 主要目标是进一步了解联觉的发展 正常婴儿的感知，结果可能会用于 未来设计促进感知的方法 感觉障碍。 该项目有两个具体目标： 1) 对 3、6 和 12 个月大的婴儿进行研究，以获得 联觉能力发展过程的图景。 这 研究将提供解决起源问题的数据 联运能力。 2）婴儿学习特定听觉-视觉关系的能力 将被调查。 婴儿可能已经在生物学上做好了学习的准备 联觉一致性关系比联觉更容易 不一致的关系。 将使用两种方法来解决这些问题。 在第一种方法中， 婴儿看图片的视觉反应时间将被测量 婴儿同时受到听觉刺激。 它 预计看图片的反应时间 声音和图像之间的联觉一致关系将是 比对联觉不一致的图片的反应速度更快 音画关系。 第二种方法将测量外观 婴儿对同时呈现的两张图片的偏好 同时婴儿也会听到声音。 预计 婴儿会更喜欢用联觉的方式看图片 对应于声音。