A Regional Comparison of succession and Inheritance in Japanese Agriculture : Aomori, Nara, Kagoshima

日本农业继承与继承的地区比较：青森县、奈良县、鹿儿岛县

• 批准号: 09660233
• 负责人: TAMA Shinnosuke
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: IWATE UNIVERSITY (1998)Hirosaki University (1997)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09660233/
• 关键词: Succession; Inheritance; Farm household; Aomori prefecture; Nara prefecture; Kagoshima prefecture; Family farming; Incorporated farm; 後継者; 青森県農業; 奈良県農業; 鹿児島県農業

It is a recent phenomenon in Japanese rural area that the number of successor is getting fewer and farmers are getting older. As a result, the succession of farm business and the inheritance of farmland are one of the most important subjects in Japanese agriculture. Each rural area, however, has its own custom and social norms in term of succession and inheritance.The purpose of this study is to investigate the diversity in terms of patterns of succession and inheritance in deferent rural areas. For this purpose, we chose three typical places as objects of investigation : The first is Aomori prefecture where the first son is chosen as a successor and inherit the entire family asset ; The second is Nara prefecture where a successor is not limited the first son and also the practice of primogeniture is not demanded completely ; The third is Kagoshima prefecture where a practice of equal division between sons is common in terms of inheritance and the last son succeeds a farm business.The … More following are results of our investigation and analysis. The first is that a pattern of succession is in the trend of diversity because of diversifying farm types. While a family farming is still succeeded in the traditional kinship context, an incorporated farm business, like a non-farm business, is not limited among the kinship succession. The second is that inheritance of farmland is also characteristic of diversity in deferent rural areas. So far researchers have prospected that a practice of equal division among children would become more common in the inheritance practice of farmland, because the legal framework had enforced the equal division as a standard since the post war reform. However, as a farmland is the most important means of living for a farm household, it is still common that an almost farmland is inherited by one of the household members at the sacrifice of the right of siblings gone out the household. Social norms still have a strong influence in practice and a degree of urbanization in each area also brings diversity into the inheritance practice. Less

近年来，日本农村出现了继承人数量减少、农民老龄化的现象，农业经营的继承和农田的继承成为日本农业领域最重要的课题之一。然而，在继承和继承方面，有其自己的习俗和社会规范。本研究的目的是调查不同农村地区继承和继承模式的多样性。为此，我们选择了三个典型的地方作为对象。调查对象：首先是青森县长子被选为继承人并继承全部家庭财产；第二是奈良县，继承人不限于长子，也不要求完全实行长子继承制；第三是鹿儿岛县，实行长子继承制。在继承方面，儿子均分是很常见的，最后的儿子继承了农场生意。以下是我们的调查和分析结果：一是由于农场类型的多样化，继承模式呈现出多样化的趋势。 。尽管家庭农业仍然是在传统的血缘关系中继承，而法人农业企业与非农业企业一样，不限于血缘继承。第二，农田的继承在不同的农村地区也具有多样性的特点。目前，研究人员预计，由于战后改革以来法律框架就将平等分割作为标准，因此在农地继承实践中，儿童平等分割的做法将变得更加普遍。农场的谋生手段在家庭中，由一名家庭成员继承一块几乎农田的情况仍然很常见，而牺牲了离开家庭的兄弟姐妹的权利，社会规范在实践中仍然有很大的影响，并且每个地区的一定程度的城市化也带来了影响。继承实践中的多样性较少。