Psychosocial Risk and Resilience Mechanisms Underlying Diversity in Midlife Health, Well-Being, and Cognition

中年健康、福祉和认知多样性背后的心理社会风险和弹性机制

• 批准号: 10538963
• 负责人: Denis Gerstorf
• 金额: $ 53.86万
• 依托单位: ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2027-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10538963
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Adult Children; Age; Aging; Area; Asia; Asian; Automobile Driving; Behavioral Mechanisms; Belief; Caring; Cessation of life; Characteristics; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Cognition; Comprehensive Health Care; Data; Data Set; Dependence; Development; Drug usage; Education; Europe; European; Exhibits; Face; Family; Family Study; Family member; Future; Gender; Generations; Germany; Health; Health behavior; Healthcare Systems; Hour; Income; Individual; Intervention; Life; Light; Mediation; Mexico; Modeling; North America; Outcome; Parents; Personal Satisfaction; Physical activity; Policies; Population; Prevention; Process; Productivity; Public Health; Race; Reporting; Research; Resources; Risk; Role; Sampling; Savings; Social Controls; Social support; Societies; South Korea; Vertebral column; Work; aged; caregiving; cohort; disability; disadvantaged population; driving force; economic value; health care service utilization; health difference; informal care; insight; intergenerational; middle age; multilevel analysis; novel; peer; physical conditioning; psychosocial; psychosocial resources; resilience; safety net; social factors; sociodemographics; trend

Project Summary/Abstract Large segments of current US middle-aged adults are suffering and doing more poorly than earlier-born cohorts43,65. These trends are distinct to the US. Several studies have documented that compared to Asian and European nations, US middle-aged adults exhibit higher rates of disability and chronic illness than same-aged peers6,10,73. Despite known differences between the US and other nations, little research has examined the mechanisms underlying diversity in midlife development and individual-level characteristics that either magnify or mitigate differences. Our objective is to use the HRS family of studies to identify the intergenerational, financial, and health behavior mechanisms driving diversity in midlife development and whether they differ across individual-level characteristics that span socio-demographics (i.e., education, gender, and race) and psychosocial resources (i.e., social support and control beliefs). Our specific aims are: (1) describe similarities and differences in midlife development of health, well-being, and cognition across multiple nations; (2) investigate the intergenerational, financial, and health behavior mechanisms driving diversity in midlife development; and (3) to examine the role of individual-level characteristics that moderate diversity in midlife development. To address our research questions, multilevel models will be applied to harmonized longitudinal data (collected from early 1990s to present day) from 17 nations across North America, Asia, and Europe. Each dataset contains national samples that are repeatedly assessed on interdisciplinary outcomes. The achievable outcome of Aim 1 is to comprehensively examine similarities and differences between the US trends and those obtained for other high-income nations. For Aim 2, we draw from the research team's conceptual and empirical research55,61 to investigate whether changing intergenerational relationships, increased financial vulnerabilities and a shrinking health behavior safety net are driving diversity in midlife development within- and between-nations. For Aim 3, we will target key questions of diversity by identifying population segments within and across nations who are most vulnerable and identify malleable protective resources to promote better positive midlife development. This project will provide novel insights into identifying the intergenerational, financial, and health behavior mechanisms underlying diversity in midlife development and whether they are operating similarly across nations with different policy contexts. For example, in nations with less comprehensive health care, such as the US, health behavior factors could be a driving force as opposed to nations with a national health care system. Similarly, we will uncover whether greater intergenerational dependency in the form of increased contact and financial transfers are a more potent mechanism in nations with less encompassing family and work policies. Findings from our project will also shed light on factors that can promote resilient outcomes and inform future prevention and intervention efforts.

项目摘要/摘要 当前美国中年成年人的大部分地区正在遭受痛苦，而且做得比早年更糟糕 队列43,65。这些趋势与美国不同。几项研究表明，与亚洲和亚洲相比 欧洲国家，美国中年成年人比同龄人表现出更高的残疾和慢性病。 同行6,10,73。尽管美国与其他国家之间有已知的差异，但很少研究研究 中年发展的多样性和个人水平特征的机制，要么放大 或减轻差异。我们的目标是利用人力资源人力资源研究家族来确定代际， 财务和健康行为机制推动了中年发展的多样性以及它们是否有所不同 跨越社会人口统计学（即教育，性别和种族）的个人层面特征 社会心理资源（即社会支持和控制信念）。我们的具体目的是：（1）描述相似之处 以及多个国家的健康，福祉和认知的中年发展发展的差异； （2） 调查促进中年多样性的代际，财务和健康行为机制 发展; （3）检查中等程度多样性的个体水平特征的作用 发展。为了解决我们的研究问题，多级模型将应用于协调的纵向 来自北美，亚洲和欧洲的17个国家的数据（从1990年代初期到今天）。 每个数据集都包含对跨学科结果反复评估的国家样本。这 目标1的可实现结果是全面研究美国之间的相似性和差异 趋势和其他高收入国家获得的趋势。对于AIM 2，我们从研究团队的 概念和经验研究5,61研究是否改变了代际关系， 增加财务脆弱性和健康行为安全网的越来越萎缩正在推动中年的多样性 国内和之间的发展。对于AIM 3，我们将通过识别来针对多样性的关键问题 最脆弱的国家内部和整个国家的人口细分市场，并识别可延展的保护性 促进更好的积极中年发展的资源。该项目将为识别新颖的见解 中年发展中多样性的基础的代际，财务和健康行为机制 以及它们是否在具有不同政策环境的国家之间进行类似的运作。例如，在国家 由于美国等全面的医疗保健，健康行为因素可能是一种驱动力 反对国家医疗保健系统的国家。同样，我们将发现是否更大 以增加接触和财务转移形式的代际依赖性更有效 国家和工作政策范围较小的国家机制。我们项目的发现也将 阐明可以促进弹性结果并为未来的预防和干预工作提供依据的因素。