Exploratory studies of spontaneous cortical activity in visual cortical development

视觉皮层发育中自发皮层活动的探索性研究

基本信息

批准号：
10527992
负责人：
MARCOS G FRANK
金额：
$ 22.95万
依托单位：
WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10527992
关键词：
Adult Age Animals Brain Child Control Animal Development Developmental Process Exploratory/Developmental Grant Eye Ferrets Goals Human Image Infant Investigation Mammals Maps Measurement Measures Methods Microscopy Modernization Neonatal Neurobiology Neurons Optics Pattern Polysomnography Property Psychotropic Drugs REM Sleep Recommendation Research Research Project Grants Risk Role Shapes Sleep Sleep Disorders Source Structure System Techniques Testing Time V1 neuron Visual Visual Cortex Visual evoked cortical potential Visual system structure area striata awake calcium indicator cortex mapping experience experimental study in vivo infancy insight neuronal patterning non rapid eye movement novel optogenetics orientation selectivity perinatal period relating to nervous system response sleep abnormalities vision development visual processing

项目摘要

Summary Our overall goal is to investigate developmental processes in visual cortex (V1) that do not require visual experience but are instead influenced by endogenous neuronal activity. This initial experience-independent stage of development is critically important for the formation of rudimentary circuits that are subsequently sculpted by visual experience. Neonatal mammals spend most of their time in rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, which suggests that this brain state provides a principal source of endogenous activity to the developing brain. This idea has not been explored in depth using current neurobiological methods. The proposed exploratory research will thus provide important new insights into how sleep and experience together shape developing circuitry and how abnormal sleep during infancy may adversely impact brain development. To achieve our goal, we will measure V1 activity in developing ferrets to determine if spontaneous activity in REM sleep is structured in a manner that may instruct or maintain developing circuits. We will then directly test the role of REM sleep V1 activity in the development of visual response properties. This will be accomplished using a combination of polysomnography, genetically encoded calcium indicator imaging and optogenetics (optimized for small mammals). This A1 proposal has been revised in accordance with recommendations from prior review.

概括我们的总体目标是研究不需要视觉的视觉皮层（V1）中的发育过程经验，但受内源性神经元活性的影响。最初与经验无关发展阶段对于随后的基本电路的形成至关重要视觉体验雕刻。新生儿哺乳动物大部分时间都花在快速移动上（REM）睡眠，这表明这种大脑状态为发育中的内源性活动提供了主要活性的主要来源脑。这种想法尚未使用当前的神经生物学方法深入探讨。提议因此，探索性研究将为睡眠和体验如何一起形状提供重要的新见解发展电路以及婴儿期异常的睡眠可能会对大脑发育产生不利影响。到实现我们的目标，我们将在开发雪貂中测量V1活动，以确定REM中的自发活动是否睡眠的结构方式可以指导或维护发展中的电路。然后，我们将直接测试 REM睡眠V1活性在视觉响应特性发展中的作用。这将完成结合多个多肌表摄影，遗传编码的钙指标成像和光遗传学（针对小型哺乳动物进行了优化）。该A1提案已根据事先评论。