Novel frameworks for explaining unequal access to the health benefits of social ties: a longitudinal analysis in wild chimpanzees

解释社会关系带来的健康益处不平等的新框架：对野生黑猩猩的纵向分析

• 批准号: 10512365
• 负责人: Zarin Machanda
• 金额: $ 31.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10512365
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Age; Aging; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Biological Models; Body Size; Complex; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Science; Data Set; Development; Diarrhea; Dimensions; Environment; Equilibrium; Exhibits; Female; Genetic; Glucocorticoids; Goals; Health; Health Benefit; Human; Individual; Intervention; Investments; Life Cycle Stages; Longevity; Maintenance; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Outcome; Oxidative Stress; Pan Genus; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Phase; Physiological; Preparation; Prevention strategy; Primates; Property; Research; Risk; Sampling; Shapes; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Social Network; Social Processes; Social Values; Social support; Stress; System; Testing; Time; Urine; Validation; Variant; Work; analytical tool; biobank; biological adaptation to stress; clinical outcome measures; comparative; cost; design; effective intervention; experience; health inequalities; healthy aging; human subject; immune activation; indexing; innovation; longitudinal analysis; longitudinal dataset; male; mortality; nonhuman primate; novel; respiratory; social; social attachment; social engagement; social influence; social integration; social relationships; trait; urinary

PROJECT SUMMARY Social integration and social support have profound and long-lasting effects on health and mortality. With such advantages, it is surprising that individuals vary so much in their ability to access the health benefits of social ties. In order to design more effective intervention and prevention strategies involving social support, it is vital to understand the factors that affect individual engagement with social networks, as well as which features of social relationships contribute most reliably to health outcomes. Research of this kind is quite difficult with human subjects given that long and complex social experiences are often distilled into broad subjective and retrospective measures of social support. Non-human primates have emerged as tractable and appropriate model systems for investigating interactions between social processes and health. Primate social bonds yield similar health or survival benefits to those in humans, yet social behaviors can be directly observed and objectively quantified. Chimpanzees are particularly valuable comparative models because they are long-lived and socially-complex, share a close genetic relationship with humans, and exhibit important similarities in social aging trajectories. The Kibale Chimpanzee Project has collected a dense, longitudinal sample comprising >25 years of systematic, daily observations of wild chimpanzee social behavior paired with routine monitoring for urinary biomarkers of stress and physiological health. The currently proposed work capitalizes on the extraordinary capacity of this dataset to elucidate long-term interactions between stress response systems, social relationship maintenance, and aging. The overarching goal of this research is to elucidate the factors that affect unequal access to the health benefits of social ties. Our innovative approach centers on the perspective that the development of beneficial social support networks entails costly investments and the risk of stressful, health-compromising experiences. We hypothesize that both early development and aging shape individual sensitivity to relationship stress, which affects how individuals engage in their social environments. Aim 1 will evaluate how body size and trait glucocorticoid function, factors influenced by development, predict investment in and quality of social relationships. Aim 2 will evaluate how relationship quality attributes, such as the stability and equitability of bonds and the balance of positive and negative interactions, moderate the influence of social bonds on health and mortality. For Aim 3, we will integrate the results of Aims 1 and 2 into a comprehensive framework by addressing whether individual developmental traits interact with social relationship quality or act independently to shape health, and how these influences are modified by changes in sociality during aging. The planning phase of the research will involve necessary data preparation and development and validation of novel analytical tools for assessing trait glucocorticoid variation and the multidimensional properties of social bonds.

项目概要 社会融合和社会支持对健康和死亡率具有深远而持久的影响。有了这样的 的优势，令人惊讶的是，个人获得社会福利的能力差异如此之大 关系。为了设计更有效的涉及社会支持的干预和预防策略，至关重要 了解影响个人参与社交网络的因素，以及社交网络的哪些特征 社会关系对健康结果的贡献最为可靠。此类研究相当困难 鉴于长期而复杂的社会经验常常被提炼为广泛的主观和 社会支持的追溯措施。 非人类灵长类动物已成为研究相互作用的易于处理且合适的模型系统 社会进程与健康之间的关系。灵长类动物的社会关系与灵长类动物的社会关系产生相似的健康或生存益处 人类的社会行为是可以直接观察和客观量化的。黑猩猩尤其 有价值的比较模型，因为它们寿命长且社会复杂，具有相似的遗传特征 与人类的关系，并在社会老龄化轨迹上表现出重要的相似性。基巴莱黑猩猩 项目收集了密集的纵向样本，其中包括超过 25 年的系统每日观察 野生黑猩猩的社会行为与压力和尿液生物标志物的常规监测相结合 生理健康。目前提出的工作利用了该数据集的非凡能力 阐明压力反应系统、社会关系维持和衰老之间的长期相互作用。 这项研究的总体目标是阐明影响获得健康服务不平等的因素 社会关系的好处。我们的创新方法的核心观点是，发展有益的 社会支持网络需要昂贵的投资和有压力、损害健康的经历的风险。 我们假设早期发育和衰老都会影响个体对关系压力的敏感性，这 影响个人如何参与其社交环境。目标 1 将评估身体尺寸和特征 糖皮质激素功能、发展影响因素、预测社会投资和质量 关系。目标 2 将评估关系质量属性，例如关系的稳定性和公平性 纽带以及正负相互作用的平衡，调节社会纽带对健康的影响 和死亡率。对于目标 3，我们将把目标 1 和目标 2 的结果整合到一个综合框架中： 解决个体发展特征是否与社会关系质量相互作用或独立行动 塑造健康，以及这些影响如何随着老龄化过程中社会性的变化而改变。规划 研究阶段将涉及必要的数据准备以及新颖的开发和验证 用于评估性状糖皮质激素变异和社会纽带的多维特性的分析工具。