The Role of alternative mRNA polyadenylation in SARS-CoV-2 replication & the host response

替代 mRNA 多聚腺苷酸化在 SARS-CoV-2 复制中的作用

• 批准号: 10450983
• 负责人: CLAIRE L MOORE
• 金额: $ 20.63万
• 依托单位: TUFTS UNIVERSITY BOSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-02-01 至 2024-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10450983
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; A549; ACE2; Address; Affect; Antiviral Response; Apoptosis; Basic Science; Biology; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 patient; Cell Cycle; Cell Line; Cell Nucleus; Cell physiology; Cells; Chromatin; Complex; Cytomegalovirus; Data; Domestic Animals; ENG gene; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Epithelial Cells; Functional disorder; Gene Expression; Genes; Genetic Transcription; Genome; Goals; Herpesviridae; Human; Immune response; Immunity; In Vitro; Individual; Infection; Inflammatory Response; Influenza; Innate Immune Response; Integration Host Factors; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Length; Lung; Measures; Mediating; Messenger RNA; Metabolism; Molecular; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; Natural Immunity; Nuclear; Pathogenesis; Pathogenicity; Pathway interactions; Peptide Signal Sequences; Poly A; Poly(A) Tail; Polyadenylation; Polyadenylation Pathway; Positioning Attribute; Process; Proteins; Proteomics; Publishing; RNA; Reaction; Recombinants; Regulation; Regulator Genes; Research; Research Priority; Role; SARS-CoV-2 infection; SARS-CoV-2 spike protein; SARS-CoV-2 transmission; Site; Strategic Planning; Tail; Testing; Therapeutic; Tissues; Translating; Translations; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus; Viral; Viral Physiology; Viral Proteins; Virus; Virus Diseases; Virus Replication; Wild Animals; base; design; experience; mRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors; mRNA Expression; mRNA Precursor; mRNA sequencing; new therapeutic target; overexpression; recruit; response; severe COVID-19; transmission process; vesicle transport; viral RNA; whole genome

Determining the role of alternative mRNA polyadenylation in SARS-Cov-2 replication and the host innate immune response SARS-CoV-2 infection has caused the COVID-19 pandemic, and understanding the molecular mechanisms leading to its pathophysiology is a top biomedical priority. In spite of intense research over the last year, we still have much to learn about host factors that promote or restrict SARS-CoV-2 infection and how manipulating them might enable new antiviral treatments. Changes within the infected cell are often mediated by changes in mRNA synthesis that affect not only transcription but also mRNA processing. mRNA precursor is cleaved at its 3’ end and a poly(A) tail added in a process called cleavage and polyadenylation (C/P). If C/P is blocked, mRNA is degraded, poorly exported from the nucleus, and poorly translated. Changing the poly(A) site position, or alternative polyadenylation (APA), affects the type and amount of protein produced from an mRNA. Many viruses have found ways to manipulate C/P and APA to promote viral replication, to interfere with the host antiviral response, or to hijack C/P proteins to augment viral activities. Several screens have demonstrated interaction of C/P proteins with SARS-Cov2 proteins and RNA and identified some C/P proteins as antiviral factors. However, it remains unknown whether SARS-CoV-2 causes changes in poly(A) site usage that support its replication and/or lead to the dysregulation of innate immunity that might contribute to the pathogenic inflammatory response seen in severe COVID-19 cases. By analyzing global pA site usage in cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 using published mRNA-seq data, we found that SARS-CoV-2 infection changes APA of genes involved in immunity, apoptosis, vesicle transport, metabolism, and cell cycle. Based on this preliminary observation, we hypothesize that alterations in C/P caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection influence viral replication and the host antiviral response. To investigate how SARS-CoV-2 affects C/P in host cells and whether targeting the C/P proteins might alter the progression of viral infection, we will 1) determine if C/P is inhibited across the genome during SARS- CoV-2 infection, 2) determine the effects of overexpressing or depleting C/P proteins that regulate APA, and 3) determine if specific viral proteins known to interact with C/P proteins affect 3' end processing. Successful completion of this study will determine if manipulation of C/P has potential as a novel therapeutic target for COVID-19.

确定替代mRNA聚腺苷酸在SARS-COV-2复制和宿主中的作用 先天免疫反应 SARS-COV-2感染引起了19009年的大流行，并了解了分子 导致其病理生理学的机制是顶级生物医学优先级。尽管对 去年，我们仍然有很多了解促进或限制SARS-COV-2感染和的宿主因素 如何操纵它们可能会导致新的抗病毒治疗。感染细胞内的变化通常是 由mRNA合成的变化介导，不仅影响转录，而且影响mRNA处理。 mRNA前体在其3'端裂解，并在称为裂解和 聚腺苷酸化（C/P）。如果c/p被阻塞，mRNA降解，从细胞核出口较差，并且很差 翻译。更改poly（a）位置位置或替代聚腺苷酸化（APA），会影响类型和 由mRNA产生的蛋白质量。许多病毒已经找到了操纵C/P和APA的方法 促进病毒复制，干扰宿主抗病毒反应，或劫持C/P蛋白增强 病毒活动。几个筛选显示了C/P蛋白与SARS-COV2蛋白的相互作用 RNA并确定一些C/P蛋白是抗病毒因子。但是，仍然未知是否 SARS-COV-2会导致Poly（a）站点使用情况的变化，以支持其复制和/或导致 先天免疫的失调可能导致致病性炎症反应 严重的Covid-19病例。 通过使用已发表的mRNA-seq数据分析了被SARS-COV-2感染的细胞中的全局PA位点使用，我们 发现SARS-COV-2感染会改变参与免疫，凋亡，囊泡转运的基因的APA， 代谢和细胞周期。基于此初步观察，我们假设 由SARS-COV-2感染引起的C/P会影响病毒复制和宿主抗病毒反应。到 研究SARS-COV-2如何影响宿主细胞中的C/P，以及靶向C/P蛋白是否可能改变 病毒感染的进展，我们将确定在SARS-期间抑制整个基因组的C/P COV-2感染，2）确定调节APA的过表达或耗尽C/P蛋白的影响， 3）确定已知与C/P蛋白相互作用的特定病毒蛋白是否影响3'末端加工。 这项研究的成功完成将确定C/P的操纵是否具有新颖的潜力 COVID-19的治疗靶标。