2/1 - Mongolian Center for Environmental & Occupational Health - Mongolia

2/1 - 蒙古环境中心

基本信息

批准号：
10448171
负责人：
Davaalkham - Dambadarjaa
金额：
$ 28.91万
依托单位：
MONGOLIAN NATIONAL UNIV/MEDICAL SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-06-13 至 2027-02-28
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10448171
关键词：
Address Adult Affect Air Air Pollution Anti-Inflammatory Agents Antiviral Response Attention Back Bacterial Infections Biological Markers Biometry COVID-19 impact COVID-19 pandemic Caliber Cell Culture Techniques Cell model Cells Cessation of life Cities Coal Communicable Diseases Data Disease Economics Environmental Engineering technology Environmental Health Epidemic Epidemiology Epithelial Exposure to Government Heating Heavy Metals High Prevalence Human Immune Immune response Immune signaling Immunologic Markers Immunologics Immunology Impairment Incidence Infection Inflammatory Inflammatory Response Influenza Institution Interdisciplinary Study Interferon Type I Intervention Laboratories Length Ligands Link Liquid substance Literature Longitudinal trends Measures Medical Medicine Minerals Mongolia Morbidity - disease rate Nose Observational Study Occupational Health Osteoporosis Oxidative Stress Ozone Participant Particulate Particulate Matter Pilot Projects Policies Pollution Population Predisposition Process Protocols documentation Public Health Publishing Pulmonary Inflammation Pulmonary Tuberculosis Research Research Design Research Personnel Research Project Grants Research Training Respiratory Disease Risk Risk Factors Role Science Severities Source Statistical Models Study Subject Study models TLR3 gene TLR7 gene Temperature Testing Time Time Series Analysis Toxicology Traction Tuberculosis Universities Variant Viral Viral Respiratory Tract Infection Virus Virus Diseases Visit Work air pollution control airway epithelium bone coarse particles cytokine design environmental change epidemiology study experience experimental study faculty mentor fine particles flu follow-up improved insight interdisciplinary approach member mortality non-smoking pollutant premature programs respiratory response systemic inflammatory response virology

项目摘要

ABSTRACT In recent decades, Mongolia has experienced major economic and environmental changes, and suffered from severe air pollution. Ulaanbaatar (UB) and Darkhan City (DC) have some of the highest ambient particulate matter (PM) concentrations in the world and frequently suffer epidemics of viral respiratory diseases. The associations between PM exposure and cardiorespiratory mortality and morbidity have been well documented, with an established 6.67 million premature deaths globally attributed to air pollution in 2019. Recently, attention has increased regarding the association of PM pollution and respiratory viral infection. Hence, this U01 proposal, as part of the Mongolian GEOHealth Hub program, focuses on studying the relationships and interactions between PM exposure and respiratory viral infections. The U01 project consists of a main study and two pilot studies to begin Center activities. The main project is designed to test the hypothesis that PM exposure weakens the immune defense against respiratory viral infection. It has three interconnected specific aims. Aim 1 is to characterize the relationship between PM exposure and respiratory viral infection through a time-series analysis of weekly influenza-like illness (ILI) rates in association with PM levels within and across UB and DC, adjusting for potential confounders and co-pollutants. As an air pollution control measure, UB started the implementation of processed coal use in May, 2019, whereas DC continues to use raw coal. Nesting this policy intervention into the time-series analysis strengthens the causal inference of the PM-ILI association derived from natural variabilities over time. Aim 2 is to examine immunologic and viral responses to personal PM exposure through two parallel panel studies in residents of UB and DC, respectively. Each panel consists of 100-120 nonsmoking adults who will be measured semiannually during a 3-year follow-up period. ILI counts and immunologic biomarkers will be associated with personal PM exposures. Aim 3 is to define the direct effects of PM exposure on epithelial integrity and immune signaling and the subsequent impact on anti-viral responses. This will be achieved through cell culture studies that are directly linked to Aim 2 subjects (as cell donors). The two pilot studies, built upon the Aim 2 main study, aim to explore the effects of PM on pulmonary tuberculosis and bone mineral loss, respectively. These studies are motivated by high prevalence of both tuberculosis and osteoporosis in Mongolia and by emerging evidence suggesting PM or heavy metals in PM as risk factors. This U01 proposal is an interdisciplinary research project involving researchers in epidemiology, toxicology, environmental and occupational health, exposure science, biostatistics, virology, immunology, environmental engineering, respiratory medicine, and infectious disease from multiple institutions in Mongolia, Duke University, and Duke Kunshan University. The U01 research is designed to be the initial main platform for engaging U2R Fellows (trainees) and Faculty (mentors) in research and training. 1

抽象的近几十年来，蒙古经历了重大的经济和环境变化，并遭受了苦难受到严重的空气污染。 Ulaanbaatar（UB）和Darkhan City（DC）具有一些最高的环境颗粒物世界上的物质（PM）浓度经常遭受病毒呼吸系统疾病的流行病。这 PM暴露与心肺死亡率和发病率之间的关联已得到充分证明，全球已建立了667万个早期死亡，归因于2019年的空气污染。最近，注意 PM污染和呼吸道病毒感染的关联有所增加。因此，这个U01提案，作为蒙古地卫生中心计划的一部分，专注于研究关系和互动在PM暴露和呼吸道病毒感染之间。 U01项目由一项主要研究和两个飞行员组成研究开始中心活动。主要项目旨在检验PM暴露削弱的假设免疫防御呼吸道病毒感染。它具有三个相互联系的特定目标。目标1是通过时间序列分析表征PM暴露与呼吸道病毒感染之间的关系与UB和DC之间的PM水平相关的每周流感样疾病（ILI）率用于潜在的混杂因素和共污染物。作为空气污染控制措施，UB开始实施 2019年5月加工煤炭的使用，而DC继续使用原煤。将此政策干预嵌套到时间序分析加强了自然衍生的PM-ILI关联的因果推断随着时间的推移变化。 AIM 2是通过通过对个人PM暴露的免疫学和病毒反应检查 UB和DC居民的两个平行面板研究。每个面板由100-120不吸烟组成将在3年的随访期间每半年测量的成年人。 ILI计数和免疫学生物标志物将与个人PM暴露有关。目标3是定义PM暴露的直接影响关于上皮完整性和免疫信号传导以及随后对抗病毒反应的影响。这将是通过直接与AIM 2受试者（作为细胞供体）直接相关的细胞培养研究来实现。两个飞行员基于AIM 2主要研究的研究旨在探索PM对肺结核和骨骼的影响矿物质损失分别。这些研究是由结核病和骨质疏松症的高流行率激励在蒙古和新兴证据中，将PM中的PM或重金属作为危险因素。这个U01提案是一个跨学科研究项目，涉及研究人员参与流行病学，毒理学，环境和职业健康，暴露科学，生物统计学，病毒学，免疫学，环境工程，蒙古，杜克大学和杜克的多个机构的呼吸医学和传染病昆山大学。 U01研究旨在成为吸引U2R研究员的最初的主要平台（受训者）和研究和培训的教师（导师）。 1