Spiroplasma effects on Tsetse Flies

螺原体对采采蝇的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10435557
负责人：
Serap AKSOY
金额：
$ 18.62万
依托单位：
YALE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-06-24 至 2025-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10435557
关键词：
Address Affect African Agriculture Animals Arthropod Vectors Arthropods Bacteria Blood Candidate Disease Gene Collaborations Data Development Diptera Disease Disease Vectors Dynein ATPase Embryo Encapsulated Female Fertility Foundations Frequencies Gene Expression Gene Expression Profiling Genes Gland Glossinidae Gonadal structure Immune Immune response Individual Infection Insecta Knowledge Laboratories Larva Lipids Medical Microbe Midgut Milk Molecular Mothers Nutrient Nutritional Nutritional status Oocytes Ovulation Parasites Partner in relationship Pathogenicity Physiology Population Process Proteins Proteomics Refractory Reporting Reproduction Reproductive Physiology Research Resistance Seminal fluid Spermatogonia Spiroplasma Subgroup Symbiosis Testing Testis Translating Trypanosoma Tsetse Flies Uganda Universities Uterus Wigglesworthia Wolbachia base comparative design disease transmission endosymbiont fitness fly human disease interest male male fertility mating behavior novel offspring reproductive reproductive fitness socioeconomics sperm cell success transcriptome transcriptome sequencing transmission process vector vector competence vector control

项目摘要

Tsetse flies are prominent vectors of pathogenic African trypanosomes, which cause socio- economically devastating diseases. Tsetse reproduce by adenotrophic viviparity and depend upon nutrients produced by their mutualist endosymbiont, Wigglesworthia. In addition to Wigglesworthia, some tsetse species can harbor parasitic Wolbachia and facultative Sodalis and Spiroplasma. Our studies on Wolbachia indicate that infection with the bacterium affects male reproductive physiology and induces Cytoplasmic Incompatibility. Here, we address the molecular dialogue between tsetse and its newly discovered endosymbiont Spiroplasma, which in other arthropods causes various reproductive abnormalities. Spiroplasma infects only tsetse species within the Palpalis subgenus, including Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (Gff), a prolific disease vector. Although its effects on tsetse reproduction are unknown, Spiroplasma induces enhanced resistance to trypanosome infection in the laboratory. We propose two research aims designed to dissect the impact of Spiroplasma infections on 1) male reproductive physiology related to mating success, 2) female fecundity, and 3) tsetse- Spiroplasma dialogue as it pertains to tsetse’s vector competence. Aim 1. Spiroplasma effects on male reproductive fitness. We hypothesize that Spiroplasma infections in male tsetse influence 1) MAG and testis gene expression, 2) spermatophore composition, and 3) sperm fitness. To test our hypothesis, we will 1) establish Spiroplasma infected and uninfected Gff lines, 2) perform comparative global gene expression analyses of gonads from Spi- versus Spi+ males, 3) determine spermatophore contents from the females mated with Spi- or Spi+ males, and 4) evaluate Spiroplasma effects on sperm fitness. Aim 2. Spiroplasma effects on parasite transmission dynamics. We hypothesize that Spiroplasma infections diminish tsetse’s vector competence 1) indirectly by a) inducing host immune responses or b) limiting nutrient availability for parasites, or 2) directly by expressing anti- trypanosomal products. To test our hypothesis, we will: 1) profile global gene expression from GffSpi- and GffSpi+ individuals, 2) determine nutritional status of trypanosome infected and uninfected GffSpi- and GffSpi+ individuals and 3) test cultivated Spiroplasma for trypanolytic activity. Enhanced knowledge about the tsetse-Spiroplasma symbiosis will provide a foundation to elucidate the mechanisms by which different reproductive endosymbionts influence host physiology. Our results will have translational implications, as reducing either tsetse fecundity or vector competence will directly reduce disease transmission. Finally, our results will be relevant and applicable to other medically and agriculturally important insects in which symbiotic microbes persist.

采采蝇是致病性非洲锥虫的突出媒介，引起社会 - 经济毁灭性疾病。采集通过腺营养性繁殖，依靠由其共同性的内共生体生产的营养，Wigglesworthia。除了Wigglesworthia，一些采摘物种可以携带寄生的沃尔巴氏菌，辅助sodalis and Spiroplasma。我们的关于沃尔巴氏菌的研究表明，细菌感染会影响男性生殖生理并诱导细胞质不相容。在这里，我们解决了采集之间的分子对话以及其新发现的内共生螺旋体，在其他节肢动物中会引起各种生殖异常。螺旋藻感染仅在帕尔帕利斯亚属内采取采集物种，包括Glossina Fuscipes Fuscipes（GFF），一种多产的疾病载体。虽然它对采集的影响繁殖尚不清楚，螺旋藻会诱导对锥虫感染的抗性增强实验室。我们提出了两项研究目的，旨在剖析螺旋藻感染的影响 1）与交配成功有关的男性生殖生理学，2）女性繁殖力，3）TSETSE- Spiroplasma对话与采摘矢量能力有关。目标1。螺旋质对男性生殖健康的影响。我们假设螺旋体雄性采收影响1）MAG和睾丸基因表达，2）精子组成和3）精子健身。为了检验我们的假设，我们将1）建立感染的螺旋藻和未感染的GFF系，2）对Spi-spi的性腺进行比较全球基因表达分析对SPI+男性，3）确定女性与Spi或spi+的伴侣的精子含量雄性和4）评估螺旋形刺激对精子适应性的影响。目标2。螺旋质对寄生虫传播动力学的影响。我们假设这一点螺旋质感染降低了采集的媒介能力1）间接通过a）诱导宿主免疫反应或b）限制寄生虫的养分可用性，或直接表达抗锥虫产品。为了检验我们的假设，我们将：1）从GFFSPI-介绍全局基因表达和GFFSPI+个体，2）确定感染和未感染的锥虫的营养状况和gffspi+个体和3）测试用于锥虫活性的培养螺旋质。增强对采摘甲状腺质体共生的知识将为阐明了不同生殖内共生体影响宿主生理的机制。我们的结果将具有翻译的含义，因为降低了TSETSE繁殖力或向量能力将直接减少疾病传播。最后，我们的结果将是相关的，并且适用于其他重要昆虫，其中共生微生物持续存在。