Transdisciplinary Research Training to Reduce Disparities in Preterm Birth and Improve Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes

跨学科研究培训，以减少早产差异并改善孕产妇和新生儿结局

• 批准号: 10400055
• 负责人: MIRIAM KUPPERMANN
• 金额: $ 42.26万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-05-01 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10400055
• 关键词: Outcome; Premature Birth; Research Training; disparity reduction; improved; neonatal outcome

PROJECT SUMMARY Fifteen million babies are born preterm each year, of whom one million die within their first 28 days of life, making preterm birth the leading cause of death in neonates, infants and children under age 5. Moreover, premature infants who do survive often have lifelong physical disability and cognitive impairment. In the US, Black women are 1.5 times more likely to deliver preterm than women from other racial/ethnic groups. Nonetheless, despite years of research, little progress has been made in reducing preterm birth rates, and disparities are increasing. In view of these critical public health issues, the Pregnancy and Perinatology Branch at NICHD has included preterm birth and its consequences, perinatal health disparities, global perinatal health and elimination of neonatal pain among its 7 priority topics. The overarching goal of “Transdisciplinary Research Training to Reduce Disparities in Preterm Birth and Improve Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes” is to train a cadre of investigators from a wide range of clinical specialties, scientific disciplines, and lived experiences who will be poised to engage in rigorous, transdisciplinary, collaborative efforts to 1) identify and elucidate the mechanisms by which biomedical, psychosocial, interpersonal and institutional factors increase the risk for preterm birth and associated adverse outcomes for infants, mothers, and families locally and globally; 2) develop, test and implement interventions to reduce the rate of preterm birth and associated adverse outcomes; and 3) eliminate disparities in preterm birth and adverse outcomes in this country. In 2014, with funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and Marc and Lynne Benioff, UCSF established the Preterm Birth Initiative, an innovative, health-equity focused, transdisciplinary research program that takes a cell-to-society and life course approach to reduce the local and global burden of preterm birth. As part of that initiative, a pilot postdoctoral fellowship program was launched to train the next generation of scholars to tackle the vexing preterm birth epidemic in the US and globally. Nine fellows representing varied clinical specialties (obstetrics, neonatology, pediatric neurology and midwifery) and scientific disciplines (biology, anatomy, public health, psychology, sociology and epidemiology) have enrolled, and all of the graduates have gone on to faculty positions, primarily with funding from NIH K-level awards. The specific aim for this proposal is to build on the success of the pilot fellowship program and ensure its sustainability. We will recruit 12 postdoctoral fellows (3 per year for 4 years, with a balance of MDs and PhDs) and provide them with the resources and mentorship they need to develop into independently funded scientists working collaboratively to change the course on preterm birth. Fellows will work with mentorship teams to design and implement research projects and engage in weekly didactic activities to further their skills and experience in conducting transdisciplinary research. Program components will also include advanced courses in research methods and ethics, seminars and grand rounds, peer review activities, and paper/grant writing.

项目摘要 每年1500万婴儿出生于早产，其中一百万在生命的头28天内死亡， 使早产成为新生儿，婴儿和5岁以下儿童的主要死亡原因。此外， 生存的早产儿通常会终生身体残疾和认知障碍。在美国， 黑人妇女分娩早产的可能性是其他种族/族裔群体的1.5倍。 尽管如此，目的地研究多年，在降低早产率和 差异正在增加。鉴于这些关键的公共卫生问题，怀孕和截期分支机构 NICHD包括早产及其后果，围产期健康差异，全球围产期健康 以及消除其7个优先级主题中的新生儿疼痛。 “跨学科的总体目标 研究培训以减少早产的差异并改善母亲和新生儿的结果”是 培训来自各种临床专业，科学学科和生活的研究人员的干部 经验将被毒死，从事严格，跨学科的协作努力，以确定和 阐明生物医学，社会心理，人际关系和制度因素的机制增加 婴儿，母亲和家庭的早产风险和相关的不良后果以及当地的家庭以及 全球; 2）开发，测试和实施干预措施以降低早产率和相关性 不利结果； 3）消除该国早产和不良后果的分布。 2014年，Bill＆Melinda Gates Foundation以及UCSF的Marc和Lynne Benioff的资助 建立了早产倡议，这是一项创新的，健康平等的跨学科研究 采用细胞到社会和生活课程的计划来减少早产的本地和全球燃烧 生日。作为该倡议的一部分，启动了一项试点博士后奖学金计划来训练下一代 在美国和全球范围内应对烦人的早产流行的学者。代表多样化的九个伙伴 临床专业（妇产科，新生儿学，儿科神经病学和助产士）和科学学科 （生物学，解剖学，公共卫生，心理学，社会学和流行病学）已经招募了 毕业生一直担任教师职位，主要是由NIH K级奖项获得的资金。 该提案的具体目的是建立在飞行员奖学金计划的成功之下，并确保其 可持续性。我们将招募12名博士后研究员（每年3个4年，余额为MDS和PHD） 并为他们提供他们发展成独立资助的科学家所需的资源和精神训练 协作以改变早产的课程。研究员将与Mentalship团队合作 设计和实施研究项目并进行每周的教学活动，以提高他们的技能和 进行跨学科研究的经验。计划组件还将包括高级课程 在研究方法和伦理学中，半手和大回合，同行评审活动以及纸张/赠款写作。