Novel INFIQ® Lead-Free Infrared Quantum Dot Inks for Photovoltaic Applications

适用于光伏应用的新型 INFIQ® 无铅红外量子点墨水

• 批准号: 10064218
• 金额: $ 8.89万
• 依托单位: QUANTUM SCIENCE LTD
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Collaborative R&D
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=10064218
• 关键词: Novel; INFIQ; Lead; Free; Infrared

Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) with bandgap from visible to infrared (IR) range have received great attention for next-generation photovoltaics (PVs). The CQDs offer the advantages of efficient multiple exciton generation (MEG), tunable energy level, low cost and scalable solution process (such as slot die coating and inkjet printing for diverse substrates including glass and flexible plastics). The CQDs have high absorption coefficients, so the CQD thin films of a few hundred nanometres are sufficient to absorb infrared sunlight, which is barely harvested by conventional crystalline silicon solar cells (SCs) and other emerging PVs \[1,2\]. Incorporation of narrow bandgap IR CQDs with existing PV systems such as crystalline silicon and perovskites in a tandem cell structure can boost energy efficiency and density of the resultant SCs. Industry tandem solar cells based on the perovskites and IR quantum dots with efficiency over 20% have been reported by QDSolar Inc. \[3\].To date, the record efficiency has been reported for lead-based nanomaterials which are restricted hazardous substances under RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU causing environmental and health concerns. In addition, the CQD active layers in the CQD SCs are commonly fabricated by using solid ligand exchange combined with multiple layer-by-layer deposition process, where each layer requires chemical treatment and washing to remove insulating bulky organic ligands to enable high nanocrystals packing density and charge transport. The costly process has been a major obstacle for the high-throughput processing. Moreover, the multilayer depositions create high probability of defects and challenges to achieve high uniform films for large substrates. Until now the solution-based CQD-SC fabrications have been mainly demonstrated in laboratory scales using small substrates.UK-based innovator, Quantum Science Ltd (QS), has developed a new class of lead-free IR quantum dots (INFIQ(r) LF-QDs) that are eco-friendly and efficiently convert visible and infrared lights of the solar spectrum into electricity. This project aims to develop novel and scalable INFIQ(r) LF-QD inks, overcoming current CQD-SC mass production challenges. Lab-scale photovoltaic devices will be fabricated using the developed inks to demonstrate their performance, and cost effectiveness of the materials and process. The produced cells will be tested under 1 sun AM1.5 solar radiation, using solar simulator in QS device lab, and the champion cell will be validated externally.References:1. Kirmani _et al.,_ ACS Energy Letters, 2020, 5, 9, 30692. https://www.nrel.gov/pv/cell-efficiency.html3. https://qdsolarinc.com/

带有从可见红外（IR）范围的带隙的胶体量子点（CQD）引起了下一代光伏（PVS）的极大关注。 CQD提供了有效的多个激子产生（MEG），可调能级，低成本和可扩展的解决方案过程的优势（例如，用于包括玻璃和柔性塑料在内的不同基板的插槽模具涂料和喷墨打印）。 CQD具有高吸收系数，因此几百纳米的CQD薄膜足以吸收红外阳光，这几乎没有被常规的结晶硅太阳能电池（SC）和其他新出现的PVS \ [1,2 \]收获。将狭窄的带隙IR CQD与现有的PV系统（例如结晶硅和钙钛矿）合并到串联细胞结构中可以提高所得SC的能源效率和密度。 QDSolar Inc. \ [3 \]报告了基于钙钛矿和效率超过20％的IR量子点的行业串联太阳能电池。\ [3 \]。迄今为止，据报道，在ROHS指令下，基于铅的纳米材料是铅基纳米材料的限制性危险物质，这是ROHS指令在2011/65/EU造成的环境和健康方面。此外，CQD SC中的CQD活性层通常是通过使用固体配体交换与多层逐层沉积过程相结合来制造的，其中每层需要化学处理和洗涤以去除绝缘量的有机配体以启用高纳米晶体的包装密度和电荷转运。昂贵的过程是高通量处理的主要障碍。此外，多层沉积会产生很高的缺陷和挑战，以实现大型底物的高均匀膜。迄今为止，基于解决方案的CQD-SC制造已在实验室量表中使用小型底物进行了。该项目旨在开发新颖而可扩展的INFIQ（R）LF-QD油墨，克服当前的CQD-SC质量生产挑战。实验室规模的光伏设备将使用发达的油墨来制造，以证明其性能以及材料和过程的成本效益。使用QS设备实验室中的太阳能模拟器，将在1个太阳AM1.5太阳辐射下测试产生的细胞，并将冠军单元在外部进行验证。参考：1。 Kirmani _et al。，_ ACS Energy Letters，2020，5，9，30692。https：//www.nrel.gov/pv/cell-cell-efficity.html3。 https://qdsolarinc.com/