Mindfulness-based Interventions for Healthy Aging: Elucidating Neural Mechanisms of Focused Attention and Open Monitoring

基于正念的健康老龄化干预措施：阐明集中注意力和开放监控的神经机制

• 批准号: 10399406
• 负责人: Yanli Lin
• 金额: $ 6.72万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10399406
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Affective; Age; Age-associated memory impairment; Aging; Attention; Awareness; Basic Science; Behavioral; Brain; Clinical Psychology; Clinical Sciences; Cognition; Cognitive; Collaborations; Data; Data Science; Development; Ecological momentary assessment; Economic Burden; Education; Educational workshop; Effectiveness; Elderly; Electroencephalography; Emotional; Emotional disorder; Emotions; Exercise; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Human; Immersion; Impaired cognition; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Investigation; Knowledge; Life; Literature; Measurable; Measures; Meditation; Mental Health; Mentors; Methods; Monitor; National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health; Neurosciences; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Parents; Parietal; Participant; Pathway Analysis; Patient Self-Report; Population; Psychophysiology; Public Health; Randomized; Research; Research Proposals; Research Training; Rest; Sampling; Science; Services; Source; Techniques; Testing; Therapeutic; Training; Well in self; Work; age related; aging population; base; cognitive control; cognitive neuroscience; cost; design; emotion regulation; emotional distress; functional magnetic resonance imaging/electroencephalography; healthy aging; human old age (65+); indexing; individual variation; infancy; innovation; interdisciplinary collaboration; mindfulness; mindfulness intervention; mindfulness-based stress reduction; multimodality; neurobehavioral; neuromechanism; programs; prospective; psychologic; relating to nervous system; skills; skills training; support network; theories; trait

PROJECT SUMMARY The proposed research training plan uses a multimodal EEG/fMRI approach to elucidate the psychotherapeutic mechanisms of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for older adults. Although MBIs have demonstrated promise for addressing the mental health needs of a rapidly aging population, very little is known about how exactly MBIs work in the elderly. The long-term objective of this proposal is therefore to fill this dearth of knowledge in service of advancing the clinical and basic science of healthy aging. Toward this end, the focus of the project is to examine how the development of focused attention (FA) and open monitoring (OM)—MBI- specific skills trained through meditative practice—influence neurobehavioral measures of emotion regulation and cognitive control as a function of older adult participation in Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR). Prospective participants and data for this project will come from the longitudinal Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, Healthy Education and Exercise (MEDEX; R01 AG049369) study. Rather than evaluating outcome measures pre-post MBSR, the proposed research will innovatively leverage the MEDEX parent sample by comparing FA/OM practice in older adult participants whom completed MBSR relative to controls. The study will be one of the first to rigorously investigate how neural activity during FA and OM meditation relates to “off-the- cushion” target measures of emotion regulation and cognitive control. Moreover, training in fMRI and network neuroscience will be used to elucidate the effects of MBSR on intrinsic brain connectivity and test whether MBSR- related changes in network connectivity can predict FA/OM meditation quality and degree of psychotherapeutic benefit. The training component of the project is grounded on three goals: (1) develop proficiency in cutting-edge fMRI techniques and data science programming; (2) acquire the requisite skills to conduct mindfulness-based intervention research for older adults; (3) pursue interdisciplinary collaborations to advance research at the intersection of aging and contemplative science. The training will be completed over three years via an intensive program of direct mentoring, coursework, and workshops in relevant analytic techniques. Furthermore, there will be hands-on immersion in conducting research with older adults, and research collaboration with eminent scholars in the fields of aging and development, cognitive neuroscience, clinical psychology, and contemplative science. Completion of the proposed research and training could mitigate age-related cognitive decline and emotional disorders by tailoring existing MBIs to optimize benefit for older adults, leading to a healthier aging population.

项目摘要 拟议的研究培训计划采用多模式的脑电图/FMRI方法来阐明心理治疗 老年人基于正念干预措施（MBI）的机制。虽然MBI已证明 满足迅速老龄化人口的心理健康需求的承诺，关于如何如何 MBI的正常工作。因此，该提议的长期目标是填补 为了推进健康衰老的临床和基础科学服务方面的知识。为此，重点 该项目将研究如何发展集中注意力（FA）和开放监控（OM） - MBI- 通过冥想练习训练的特定技能 - 情绪调节的神经行为措施 认知控制是老年人参与基于正念的压力减轻（MBSR）的函数。 该项目的潜在参与者和数据将来自基于纵向正念的压力 减少，健康教育和运动（MEDEX； R01 AG049369）研究。而不是评估结果 衡量MBSR前的措施，拟议的研究将通过 比较老年人的FA/OM实践，他们相对于对照组完成了MBSR。研究将 成为第一个严格研究FA和OM冥想期间神经活动与“非现行”中的神经活动的人之一 情绪调节和认知控制的目标度量。此外，fMRI和网络的培训 神经科学将用于阐明MBSR对内在大脑连接性的影响，并测试MBSR-是否是否 网络连通性的相关变化可以预测FA/OM冥想质量和心理治疗程度 益处。 该项目的培训部分基于三个目标：（1）尖端fMRI的发展水平 技术和数据科学编程； （2）获得基于正念的必要技能 老年人的干预研究； （3）购买跨学科合作，以推进在 衰老与沉思科学的交集。培训将在三年内通过密集完成 相关分析技术中的直接心理，课程和研讨会计划。此外，会有 动手沉浸于与老年人进行研究，并与知名人士进行研究合作 衰老和发展，认知神经科学，临床心理学和沉思领域的学者 科学。拟议的研究和培训的完成可能会减轻与年龄有关的认知能力下降和 通过量身定制现有MBI来优化老年人的益处，从而使衰老更健康，情绪障碍 人口。