Firearm violence prevention through community-engaged vacant property reuse: Application of Busy Streets Theory in Detroit

通过社区参与的空置财产再利用预防枪支暴力：繁忙街道理论在底特律的应用

• 批准号: 10398443
• 负责人: Justin Edward Heinze
• 金额: $ 224.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-17 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10398443
• 关键词: Agriculture; Arts; Caring; Case Study; Categories; Cities; Communities; Crime; Criminology; Deterioration; Effectiveness; Environment; Firearms; Fostering; Gardenal; Health; Health Planning; Homicide; Infrastructure; Injury; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Intervention; Left; Michigan; Natural experiment; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Perception; Plants; Population; Prevention strategy; Preventive; Process; Property; Public Health; Qualitative Methods; Quasi-experiment; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Safety; Site; Social Interaction; Social Processes; Standardization; Surveys; Testing; Time; Trees; Variant; Violence; Water; assault; base; community engagement; experience; gun violence; improved; prevent; remediation; social capital; social cohesion; theories; urban planning; violence prevention; violent crime; youth violence

Project Summary Vacant lots, when left untended, become liabilities for communities with consequences for crime and violence, including firearm violence. In Detroit, high vacancies may contribute to rates of firearm-related homicide that are more than seven times the national average. A growing body of evidence suggests that remediating and improving vacant lots is a promising strategy to reduce violent crime and firearm assaults. Researchers have also shown that community engagement in efforts to improve vacant lots may be a critical component to sustain efforts and improve violence reduction outcomes. Yet, researchers have examined a relatively narrow range of greening strategies including simple lot remediation (e.g., removing trash & debris) and installation of small-scale lot treatments (e.g., planting trees, installing split rail fencing), and have largely not explored the effect of engaging residents in this process. Further, there is a lack of research on how these efforts may prevent firearm violence, specifically. The purpose of this study will be to examine firearm incidents and injury occurring near vacant lot reuse project sites in Detroit, Michigan where community-based organizations have reclaimed vacant lots for productive purposes. In partnership with local land reuse organizations, we will identify approximately 300 project sites across the city from four categories of vacant lot reuse, including urban agriculture, green infrastructure, pocket parks, and place-making. We will test the hypothesis that vacant lot reuse is an effective strategy for prevention of firearm violence and compare the effects of different types of vacant lot reuse on firearm incidents and injury. We will also examine how the level of community engagement may enhance the effects of vacant lot reuse on firearm violence through site surveys and case studies of successful community engaged project sites with a reduction in firearm incidents. Our specific aims for the proposed research are to 1) Examine the effect of different types of vacant lot reuse projects on total firearm crime incidents and injury over time; 2) Examine how the level of community engagement in the vacant lot reuse projects may enhance the effects of lot reuse on firearm crime incidents; and 3) Conduct in-depth case studies of 12 vacant lot reuse sites and their effect on firearm outcomes and community engagement to identify facilitating factors and barriers to effective reuse.

项目概要 空地如果无人照管，就会成为社区的负担，从而导致犯罪和暴力， 包括枪支暴力。在底特律，高职位空缺可能会导致与枪支相关的凶杀案发生率上升， 是全国平均水平的七倍多。越来越多的证据表明，补救和 改善空地是减少暴力犯罪和枪支袭击的一项有前途的战略。研究人员有 还表明，社区参与改善空地的努力可能是改善空地的关键组成部分 持续努力并改善减少暴力的成果。然而，研究人员已经研究了相对狭窄的 一系列绿化策略，包括简单的地块整治（例如清除垃圾和碎片）和安装 小规模地块处理（例如植树、安装分体式围栏），并且基本上没有探索过 让居民参与这一过程的效果。此外，缺乏关于这些努力如何发挥作用的研究。 特别是防止枪支暴力。这项研究的目的是调查枪支事件和伤害 发生在密歇根州底特律的空地再利用项目工地附近，社区组织在那里 回收空地用于生产目的。与当地土地再利用组织合作，我们将 从空地再利用的四类中确定全市约 300 个项目地点，包括城市 农业、绿色基础设施、袖珍公园和场所营造。我们将检验空地的假设 再利用是预防枪支暴力的有效策略，并比较不同类型枪支的影响 空地再利用以解决枪支事件和伤害问题。我们还将研究社区参与程度如何 通过现场调查和案例研究，可以增强空地再利用对枪支暴力的影响 成功的社区参与项目现场减少了枪支事件。我们的具体目标是 拟议的研究是 1) 检查不同类型的空地再利用项目对枪支总数的影响 随着时间的推移犯罪事件和伤害； 2) 检查空地的社区参与程度 再利用项目可以增强批次再利用对枪支犯罪事件的影响； 3）深入案例 对 12 个空地再利用地点及其对枪支结果和社区参与的影响进行研究，以确定 有效再利用的促进因素和障碍。