Firearm violence prevention through community-engaged vacant property reuse: Application of Busy Streets Theory in Detroit

通过社区参与的空置财产再利用预防枪支暴力：繁忙街道理论在底特律的应用

• 批准号: 10398443
• 负责人: Justin Edward Heinze
• 金额: $ 224.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-17 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10398443
• 关键词: Agriculture; Arts; Caring; Case Study; Categories; Cities; Communities; Crime; Criminology; Deterioration; Effectiveness; Environment; Firearms; Fostering; Gardenal; Health; Health Planning; Homicide; Infrastructure; Injury; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Intervention; Left; Michigan; Natural experiment; Neighborhoods; Outcome; Perception; Plants; Population; Prevention strategy; Preventive; Process; Property; Public Health; Qualitative Methods; Quasi-experiment; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Safety; Site; Social Interaction; Social Processes; Standardization; Surveys; Testing; Time; Trees; Variant; Violence; Water; assault; base; community engagement; experience; gun violence; improved; prevent; remediation; social capital; social cohesion; theories; urban planning; violence prevention; violent crime; youth violence

Project Summary Vacant lots, when left untended, become liabilities for communities with consequences for crime and violence, including firearm violence. In Detroit, high vacancies may contribute to rates of firearm-related homicide that are more than seven times the national average. A growing body of evidence suggests that remediating and improving vacant lots is a promising strategy to reduce violent crime and firearm assaults. Researchers have also shown that community engagement in efforts to improve vacant lots may be a critical component to sustain efforts and improve violence reduction outcomes. Yet, researchers have examined a relatively narrow range of greening strategies including simple lot remediation (e.g., removing trash & debris) and installation of small-scale lot treatments (e.g., planting trees, installing split rail fencing), and have largely not explored the effect of engaging residents in this process. Further, there is a lack of research on how these efforts may prevent firearm violence, specifically. The purpose of this study will be to examine firearm incidents and injury occurring near vacant lot reuse project sites in Detroit, Michigan where community-based organizations have reclaimed vacant lots for productive purposes. In partnership with local land reuse organizations, we will identify approximately 300 project sites across the city from four categories of vacant lot reuse, including urban agriculture, green infrastructure, pocket parks, and place-making. We will test the hypothesis that vacant lot reuse is an effective strategy for prevention of firearm violence and compare the effects of different types of vacant lot reuse on firearm incidents and injury. We will also examine how the level of community engagement may enhance the effects of vacant lot reuse on firearm violence through site surveys and case studies of successful community engaged project sites with a reduction in firearm incidents. Our specific aims for the proposed research are to 1) Examine the effect of different types of vacant lot reuse projects on total firearm crime incidents and injury over time; 2) Examine how the level of community engagement in the vacant lot reuse projects may enhance the effects of lot reuse on firearm crime incidents; and 3) Conduct in-depth case studies of 12 vacant lot reuse sites and their effect on firearm outcomes and community engagement to identify facilitating factors and barriers to effective reuse.

项目摘要 空置的地段，当不打算留下时，会成为社区的责任，对犯罪和暴力的后果， 包括枪支暴力。在底特律，高空缺可能会导致与枪支相关的凶杀案发生率 是全国平均水平的七倍以上。越来越多的证据表明，修复和 改善空置地段是减少暴力犯罪和枪支袭击的有前途的策略。研究人员有 还表明，社区参与改善空地的努力可能是 维持努力并改善减少暴力结果。但是，研究人员检查了一个相对狭窄的 一系列绿色策略，包括简单的批次补救（例如，删除垃圾和碎屑）和安装 小规模的地块治疗（例如，种植树木，安装分裂围栏），在很大程度上没有探索 让居民参与此过程的影响。此外，缺乏研究这些努力的研究 特别是防止枪支暴力。这项研究的目的是检查枪支事件和伤害 发生在密歇根州底特律的空置重用项目网站附近 用于生产目的的回收空缺。与当地土地再利用组织合作，我们将 从四个类别的空缺重复使用中确定整个城市的大约300个项目站点，包括Urban 农业，绿色基础设施，袖珍公园和地点。我们将检验以下假设 再利用是预防枪支暴力的有效策略，并比较不同类型的影响 空缺的枪支事件和伤害。我们还将研究社区参与水平 可以通过现场调查和案例研究来增强空置重用对枪支暴力的影响 成功的社区参与了项目网站，枪支事件减少了。我们的具体目标 拟议的研究是1）检查不同类型的空地重用项目对枪支总枪支的影响 犯罪事件和随着时间的伤害； 2）检查社区参与度如何 再利用项目可能会增强重用对枪支犯罪事件的影响； 3）深入进行 研究12个空置的重用站点及其对枪支结果和社区参与的影响以识别 促进有效再利用的因素和障碍。