Resistance Training Modulation of Fat Metabolism in Obese Postmenopausal Women

抗阻训练对肥胖绝经后妇女脂肪代谢的调节

• 批准号: 10383752
• 负责人: ROBERT C HICKNER
• 金额: $ 60.97万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-01 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10383752
• 关键词: Abdomen; Acute; Adipocytes; Adipose tissue; Adrenergic Agents; Affect; Age-Years; Area; Body Composition; Body Weight; Body fat; Calories; Cardiometabolic Disease; Catecholamines; Chronic; Closure by clamp; Data; Disease; Effectiveness; Energy Metabolism; Environmental Risk Factor; Equilibrium; Exercise; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Future; Glucose; Glucose Clamp; Glycerol; Goals; Health; Heart Atrium; Hour; Impairment; Indirect Calorimetry; Individual; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Lipolysis; Measures; Mediating; Menopause; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolism; Methodology; Microdialysis; Monitor; Muscle; Non obese; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Palmitates; Participant; Pathway interactions; Persons; Phentolamine; Physical activity; Play; Postmenopause; Prediabetes syndrome; Propranolol; Proteins; Publishing; Regulation; Reporting; Resistance; Rest; Risk; Role; Skeletal Muscle; Somatotropin; Stimulus; System; Testing; Thigh structure; Training; Training Programs; Walking; Water; Weight; Weight Gain; Weight maintenance regimen; Woman; behavior measurement; beta-adrenergic receptor; blood glucose regulation; comorbidity; disorder risk; endurance exercise; evidence base; exercise prescription; exercise training; experimental study; flexibility; glycemic control; improved; in vivo; lipid biosynthesis; lipid metabolism; male; men; mode of exercise; obese person; oxidation; prevent; resistance exercise; response; saluretic; stable isotope; strength training; subcutaneous; weight maintenance

Project Summary Prediabetes, a comorbidity of obesity and a precursor of type 2 diabetes, affects more than one-half of women over 60 years of age. Obesity has multiple causes; however, it is known that obese insulin resistant individuals have a reduced ability to alter resting and stimulated lipolysis (fat breakdown). This lack of flexibility to respond to stimuli that regulate lipolysis has been attributed, almost entirely through studies in males, to changes in the predominant (catecholamine-mediated) lipolytic pathway. Our published preliminary data demonstrate that acute resistance exercise increases lipolysis in non-obese women. Published data also indicate that resistance exercise, like endurance exercise, increases lipolytic sensitivity in men. However, the alterations in lipolytic response due to resistance, as compared to endurance, training matched for energy expenditure have not been investigated. It is also unknown how training alters lipolysis during general physical activity (walking), which accounts for the majority of activity people engage in during a typical day outside of planned exercise. Furthermore, the lack of prior investigations in this area in women points to the need for resistance training studies of fat metabolism in women to determine if resistance training is as effective as endurance training. Therefore, the overall objective of this study is to compare the effects of 12 weeks of resistance training to endurance training with respect to fat metabolism, with a focus on lipolysis in postmenopausal women with obesity and prediabetes. Our central hypothesis is that both 12 weeks of resistance training and 12 weeks of endurance training will increase lipolytic flexibility. We will compare the effects of endurance training to the effects imparted by calorie-matched endurance exercise training. We will determine with powerful in-vivo microdialysis and stable isotope methodologies the extent to which 12 weeks of resistance training, as compared to calorie-matched endurance training: a) increases physical activity (walking)-stimulated whole-body and regional lipolysis (Aim 1); b) increases local adrenergic regulation of lipolysis in subcutaneous abdominal and gluteal adipose tissue (Aim 2); and c) increases insulin-mediated suppression of whole-body and regional lipolysis (Aim 3) in postmenopausal women with obesity and prediabetes. Secondarily, fat oxidation, lipogenesis and adipogenesis in adipose tissue, as well as lipolytic activity in skeletal muscle, will also be studied to develop a global understanding of fat metabolism response to resistance exercise training. In addition, we will investigate the influence of resistance and endurance training on glucose profile under laboratory as well as free-living conditions, as poor glucose control is linked to the aberrant lipid metabolism commonly associated with obesity. These studies will provide a greater understanding of how these exercise modalities affect metabolism in women with obesity and prediabetes, allowing practitioners to make more evidence- based exercise prescriptions intended to improve body composition, glycemic control, and weight management.

项目概要 糖尿病前期是肥胖的一种合并症，也是 2 型糖尿病的前兆，影响超过一半的女性 60岁。肥胖有多种原因；然而，众所周知，肥胖的胰岛素抵抗个体具有 改变静息和刺激脂肪分解（脂肪分解）的能力降低。缺乏对刺激做出反应的灵活性 几乎完全通过对男性的研究，调节脂肪分解的因素被归因于主要的变化 （儿茶酚胺介导的）脂肪分解途径。我们发表的初步数据表明，急性耐药性 运动会增加非肥胖女性的脂肪分解。已发表的数据还表明，抵抗运动，例如 耐力运动，增加男性的脂肪分解敏感性。然而，由于脂肪分解反应的改变 与耐力相比，阻力、与能量消耗相匹配的训练尚未得到研究。这是 也不知道训练如何改变一般身体活动（步行）期间的脂肪分解，这占大多数 人们在一天中计划锻炼之外进行的活动。此外，缺乏事先 对女性这一领域的调查表明需要对女性脂肪代谢进行阻力训练研究 确定阻力训练是否与耐力训练一样有效。因此，本次活动的总体目标 研究目的是比较 12 周的阻力训练和耐力训练对脂肪的影响 新陈代谢，重点关注患有肥胖和糖尿病前期的绝经后妇女的脂肪分解。我们的中央 假设 12 周的阻力训练和 12 周的耐力训练都会增加脂肪分解 灵活性。我们将比较耐力训练的效果与卡路里匹配耐力所带来的效果 运动训练。我们将通过强大的体内微透析和稳定同位素方法确定程度 与卡路里匹配的耐力训练相比，12 周的阻力训练：a) 增强身体素质 活动（步行）刺激全身和局部脂肪分解（目标 1）； b) 增加局部肾上腺素能调节 腹部皮下和臀部脂肪组织的脂肪分解（目标 2）； c) 增加胰岛素介导的 抑制患有肥胖和糖尿病前期的绝经后妇女的全身和局部脂肪分解（目标 3）。 其次，脂肪组织中的脂肪氧化、脂肪生成和脂肪生成，以及骨骼中的脂肪分解活性 还将研究肌肉，以全面了解脂肪代谢对抗阻运动的反应 训练。此外，我们将研究阻力和耐力训练对血糖曲线的影响 实验室以及自由生活条件，因为血糖控制不良与异常的脂质代谢有关 通常与肥胖有关。这些研究将使人们更好地了解这些运动是如何进行的 方式影响肥胖和糖尿病前期女性的新陈代谢，使从业者能够提供更多证据- 基于运动处方的目的是改善身体成分、血糖控制和体重管理。