Resistance Training Modulation of Fat Metabolism in Obese Postmenopausal Women

抗阻训练对肥胖绝经后妇女脂肪代谢的调节

• 批准号: 10383752
• 负责人: ROBERT C HICKNER
• 金额: $ 60.97万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-01 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10383752
• 关键词: Abdomen; Acute; Adipocytes; Adipose tissue; Adrenergic Agents; Affect; Age-Years; Area; Body Composition; Body Weight; Body fat; Calories; Cardiometabolic Disease; Catecholamines; Chronic; Closure by clamp; Data; Disease; Effectiveness; Energy Metabolism; Environmental Risk Factor; Equilibrium; Exercise; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Future; Glucose; Glucose Clamp; Glycerol; Goals; Health; Heart Atrium; Hour; Impairment; Indirect Calorimetry; Individual; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Link; Lipolysis; Measures; Mediating; Menopause; Metabolic Diseases; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolism; Methodology; Microdialysis; Monitor; Muscle; Non obese; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Palmitates; Participant; Pathway interactions; Persons; Phentolamine; Physical activity; Play; Postmenopause; Prediabetes syndrome; Propranolol; Proteins; Publishing; Regulation; Reporting; Resistance; Rest; Risk; Role; Skeletal Muscle; Somatotropin; Stimulus; System; Testing; Thigh structure; Training; Training Programs; Walking; Water; Weight; Weight Gain; Weight maintenance regimen; Woman; behavior measurement; beta-adrenergic receptor; blood glucose regulation; comorbidity; disorder risk; endurance exercise; evidence base; exercise prescription; exercise training; experimental study; flexibility; glycemic control; improved; in vivo; lipid biosynthesis; lipid metabolism; male; men; mode of exercise; obese person; oxidation; prevent; resistance exercise; response; saluretic; stable isotope; strength training; subcutaneous; weight maintenance

Project Summary Prediabetes, a comorbidity of obesity and a precursor of type 2 diabetes, affects more than one-half of women over 60 years of age. Obesity has multiple causes; however, it is known that obese insulin resistant individuals have a reduced ability to alter resting and stimulated lipolysis (fat breakdown). This lack of flexibility to respond to stimuli that regulate lipolysis has been attributed, almost entirely through studies in males, to changes in the predominant (catecholamine-mediated) lipolytic pathway. Our published preliminary data demonstrate that acute resistance exercise increases lipolysis in non-obese women. Published data also indicate that resistance exercise, like endurance exercise, increases lipolytic sensitivity in men. However, the alterations in lipolytic response due to resistance, as compared to endurance, training matched for energy expenditure have not been investigated. It is also unknown how training alters lipolysis during general physical activity (walking), which accounts for the majority of activity people engage in during a typical day outside of planned exercise. Furthermore, the lack of prior investigations in this area in women points to the need for resistance training studies of fat metabolism in women to determine if resistance training is as effective as endurance training. Therefore, the overall objective of this study is to compare the effects of 12 weeks of resistance training to endurance training with respect to fat metabolism, with a focus on lipolysis in postmenopausal women with obesity and prediabetes. Our central hypothesis is that both 12 weeks of resistance training and 12 weeks of endurance training will increase lipolytic flexibility. We will compare the effects of endurance training to the effects imparted by calorie-matched endurance exercise training. We will determine with powerful in-vivo microdialysis and stable isotope methodologies the extent to which 12 weeks of resistance training, as compared to calorie-matched endurance training: a) increases physical activity (walking)-stimulated whole-body and regional lipolysis (Aim 1); b) increases local adrenergic regulation of lipolysis in subcutaneous abdominal and gluteal adipose tissue (Aim 2); and c) increases insulin-mediated suppression of whole-body and regional lipolysis (Aim 3) in postmenopausal women with obesity and prediabetes. Secondarily, fat oxidation, lipogenesis and adipogenesis in adipose tissue, as well as lipolytic activity in skeletal muscle, will also be studied to develop a global understanding of fat metabolism response to resistance exercise training. In addition, we will investigate the influence of resistance and endurance training on glucose profile under laboratory as well as free-living conditions, as poor glucose control is linked to the aberrant lipid metabolism commonly associated with obesity. These studies will provide a greater understanding of how these exercise modalities affect metabolism in women with obesity and prediabetes, allowing practitioners to make more evidence- based exercise prescriptions intended to improve body composition, glycemic control, and weight management.

项目摘要 前糖尿病，肥胖的合并症和2型糖尿病的先驱，影响了一半以上的女性 60岁。肥胖有多种原因；但是，众所周知，肥胖的胰岛素耐药个体有 改变静息和刺激脂解的能力降低（脂肪分解）。这种缺乏响应刺激的灵活性 调节脂解的调节已被归因于男性的研究，主要是由于主要的变化 （Catecholamine介导的）脂解途径。我们发表的初步数据表明急性抵抗力 运动增加了非肥胖妇女的脂解。已发布的数据还表明阻力练习，例如 耐力运动，增加男性脂肪溶解的敏感性。但是，由于 与耐力相比，抗能量支出的培训尚未得到研究。这是 同样尚不清楚训练如何改变一般体育锻炼（步行）期间的脂肪分解，这占多数 在计划锻炼之外的典型一天中，人们从事活动。此外，缺乏先验 该领域的女性调查表明，需要对女性脂肪代谢的抵抗训练研究 确定阻力训练是否像耐力训练一样有效。因此，总体目标 研究是为了比较12周的抵抗训练对脂肪的耐力训练的影响 代谢，重点是肥胖和糖尿病前期妇女的脂解。我们的中心 假设是12周的抵抗训练和12周的耐力训练都会增加脂肪解释性 灵活性。我们将比较耐力训练的效果与卡路里匹配的耐力所产生的效果 运动训练。我们将使用强大的体内微透析和稳定的同位素方法来确定程度 与卡路里匹配的耐力训练相比，要进行12周的抵抗训练：a）增加物理 活性（步行）刺激的全身和区域脂解（AIM 1）； b）增加局部肾上腺素能调节 皮下腹部和臀脂蛋白组织中的脂解（AIM 2）； c）增加胰岛素介导的 绝经后妇女的肥胖症和糖尿病前期抑制全身和区域脂解（AIM 3）。 其次，脂肪组织中的脂肪氧化，脂肪生成和脂肪形成以及骨骼中的脂解活性 还将研究肌肉，以对脂肪代谢对抵抗运动的反应产生全球理解 训练。此外，我们将研究耐药性和耐力训练对葡萄糖概况的影响 实验室和自由生活条件，由于葡萄糖控制差与异常脂质代谢有关 通常与肥胖有关。这些研究将对这些研究有更深入的了解 方式影响肥胖和糖尿病前期女性的代谢，使从业者能够做出更多的证据 - 基于锻炼处方旨在改善身体成分，血糖控制和体重管理。