Zoonotic tick-borne pathogens contribute to acute febrile illness in rural South Africa

人畜共患蜱传病原体导致南非农村地区出现急性发热性疾病

• 批准号: 10376743
• 负责人: Marinda Catharina Oosthuizen
• 金额: $ 14.02万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-03-18 至 2024-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10376743
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Affect; Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; African; Anaplasma phagocytophilum; Anaplasmosis; Animals; Area; Arthropod Vectors; Bacterial Infections; Bartonella; Borrelia; Canis familiaris; Caring; Cattle; Clinic; Clinical; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Community Health; Control Groups; Country; Coxiella; Coxiella burnetii; Detection; Development; Diagnostic tests; Disease; Disease Management; Domestic Animals; Ebola virus; Ecology; Ensure; Environment; Epidemiology; Etiology; Evaluation; Exposure to; Faculty; Farming Community; Fever; Genetic Variation; Goals; Grant; HIV; Health; High Prevalence; Home; Human; Incidence; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype; Infrastructure; Interdisciplinary Study; Intervention; Investigation; Laboratories; Leptospira; Livestock; Malaria; Medical; Mentors; Metagenomics; Morbidity - disease rate; Order Spirochaetales; Organism; Parasitic Diseases; Patients; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Pilot Projects; Populations at Risk; Postdoctoral Fellow; Poverty Areas; Process; Province; Public Health; Q Fever; Reporting; Research; Research Activity; Research Personnel; Research Support; Resources; Rickettsia; Rift Valley fever virus; Rodent; Rural; Rural Community; SARS coronavirus; Sampling; Sepsis; Site; South Africa; Technology; Testing; Tick-Borne Diseases; Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever; Ticks; Training; Vector-transmitted infectious disease; Virus Diseases; West Nile virus; Wild Animals; World Health Organization; Zoonoses; base; burden of illness; combat; community clinic; community living; emerging pathogen; fighting; global health; graduate student; granulocyte; health economics; healthy volunteer; human pathogen; improved; influenzavirus; innovation; knowledge base; microbiome; microbiome analysis; mortality; novel; pathogen; public health relevance; response; rural South Africa; rural area; rural poverty; spotted fever; tick bite; tick-borne; tick-borne pathogen; tool; urban area; vector control; vector tick; vector-borne; vector-borne infection; vector-borne pathogen; virome

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT SECTION More than 60% of infectious diseases in humans are spread from animals, often by an arthropod vector. In recent years, vector-borne viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases have emerged or re-emerged in many regions causing global health and economic concerns. The ecology and epidemiology of these diseases are affected by the interrelations between the pathogen, the host and the environment. Vector-borne infections transmitted from wildlife reservoir species to domestic animals or humans are thus of major concern. The Mnisi One Health Platform was established to facilitate research at the cusp of human/livestock/wildlife interface. The Mnisi community is a rural, impoverished area that is situated in the Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. The community shares 75% of its boundary with wildlife reserves, including the Kruger National Park, and provides an environment where there is interaction between humans and domestic and wild animals. The Hans Hoheisen Wildlife Research Station is a well-equipped laboratory on site enabling researchers to process samples on site. The community supports research activities and interventions in return for assistance in an array of health related areas. Using this rich infrastructure, we plan to test the hypothesis that a significant proportion of non-malarial acute febrile illness (AFI) in the Mnisi community can be attributed to tick-borne zoonoses. Some of our early findings suggest that zoonoses, particularly tick bite fever, Q fever and human granulocytic anaplasmosis need to be considered in the investigation of febrile patients presenting for care in Mnisi. In an effort to address this, we plan to study tick-borne pathogens at the wildlife-livestock-human interface, and to identify potential aetiological agents of febrile illnesses in this community. Our first goal is to test samples from human patients who present with non-malarial AFI at the health clinics in the Mnisi community for the presence of zoonotic pathogens using a metagenomic approach. Next we will analyze the microbiome of ticks to determine which tick- borne pathogens are circulating in the community. We believe that ticks act as a focal concentrator of pathogens circulating in the community, and therefore will provide a representative sampling of tick-borne pathogens. Unknown organisms that are detected in both sample sets will be identified as putative pathogens. We then plan to examine a range of samples for the presence of the spotted-fever group rickettsiae, C. burnetii, A. phagocytophilum, Bartonella spp and any other significant putative pathogens identified. The genetic diversity of the organisms identified will be analyzed. The putative tick vector(s) and reservoir hosts will also be identified. Based on this, diagnostic tests can be implemented in rural communities ensuring appropriate interventions and benefiting human health and well-being. This proposal focuses on zoonotic tick-borne diseases in South Africa; our knowledge base of zoonotic tick-borne pathogens impacting human health in South Africa will be expanded and our understanding of the challenges faced by rural communities living at the interface will be enhanced. This will be of value not only for South Africa, but also for other African countries.

项目摘要/摘要部分 人类中超过60％的传染病通常是由节肢动物载体传播的。最近 多年，在许多地区出现或重新出现了媒介传播的病毒，细菌和寄生疾病 全球健康和经济问题。这些疾病的生态和流行病学受到了 病原体，宿主和环境之间的相互关系。向媒介传播感染传播 因此，野生动植物储藏物种对家畜或人类是主要关注的。 mnisi一个健康 建立了平台以促进人/牲畜/野生动植物界面的风口浪尖。 mnisi 社区是位于南非Mpumalanga省的乡村，贫困地区。这 社区与包括克鲁格国家公园在内的野生动植物保护区分享了其75％的边界 人类与家庭和野生动物之间存在相互作用的环境。汉斯·霍伊森（Hans Hoheisen） 野生动植物研究站是一个设备齐全的实验室，使研究人员能够在现场处理样品。 社区支持研究活动和干预措施，以换取一系列与健康相关的协助 区域。使用这种丰富的基础架构，我们计划检验以下假设，即相当一部分非车道 MNISI社区中的急性高温疾病（AFI）可以归因于tick传播的人畜共患病。我们的一些早期 调查结果表明，人畜共患病，尤其是tick发烧，Q发烧和人类粒细胞肿瘤病需要 在调查MNISI护理的好评患者中被考虑。为了解决这个问题， 我们计划在野生动植物 - 人类界面上研究tick传播病原体，并确定潜力 这个社区的发热疾病的病因学药。我们的第一个目标是测试人类患者的样本 谁在MNISI社区的健康诊所与非疟疾AFI一起出席人畜共患病 使用宏基因组方法的病原体。接下来，我们将分析tick的微生物组，以确定哪个tick- 在社区中，病原体正在流传。我们认为tick是病原体的焦点 在社区中循环，因此将提供代表性的tick传播病原体。 在两个样品集中检测到的未知生物都将被鉴定为推定的病原体。然后我们计划 要检查一系列样品，以了解斑点群的Rickettsiae，C。burnetii，A.。 吞噬细胞，Bartonella spp和任何其他明显的假定病原体。遗传多样性 确定的生物将进行分析。推定的tick矢量和水库主机也将被识别。 基于此，可以在农村社区实施诊断测试，以确保适当的干预措施和 受益于人类健康和福祉。该提案重点介绍了南非人畜共患病。 我们对影响南非人类健康状况的人畜共患病病原体的知识基础将扩大 我们对生活在界面上的农村社区面临的挑战的理解将得到增强。这 不仅对南非，而且对其他非洲国家都有价值。