Extracellular Vesicle Proteomic Fingerprinting of Ovarian Cancer for Early Detection with a Nanoengineered Microsystem

卵巢癌细胞外囊泡蛋白质组指纹图谱用于纳米工程微系统的早期检测

• 批准号: 10373086
• 负责人: ANDREW K. GODWIN
• 金额: $ 62.69万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2026-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10373086
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Advisory Committees; Area; BRCA mutations; Benign; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Biology; Biopsy; Blood; Blood Circulation; Blood capillaries; Blood specimen; CA-125 Antigen; Cancer Control; Cancer Diagnostics; Cancer Patient; Cancer cell line; Carcinoma in Situ; Cell Line; Clinical; Clinical Sensitivity; Colon Carcinoma; Communication; Companions; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic Sensitivity; Disease; Drops; Early Diagnosis; Engineering; Epithelial ovarian cancer; Excision; Fingerprint; General Population; Generations; Goals; Human; Immune response; Immunoassay; Immunoprecipitation; Intervention; Liquid substance; Malignant - descriptor; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of cervix uteri; Malignant neoplasm of ovary; Mammalian Oviducts; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Messenger RNA; Methods; MicroRNAs; Microfluidics; Nanochip Analytical Device; Neoplasm Circulating Cells; Operative Surgical Procedures; Outcome; Ovarian; Ovary; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pattern; Plasma; Play; Population Control; Printing; Proteins; Proteomics; Public Health; Reporting; Reproducibility; Risk; Role; Sampling; Screening for Ovarian Cancer; Screening for cancer; Sensitivity and Specificity; Serous; Serum Markers; Signaling Protein; Solid Neoplasm; Source; Specificity; Specimen; Symptoms; Technology; Testing; Time; Tissues; Training; Tube; Tumor Antigens; Tumor Markers; Tumor stage; Tumor-Derived; Ultrasonography; Untranslated RNA; Validation; Vesicle; Woman; base; biomarker panel; cancer diagnosis; candidate marker; clinical diagnosis; clinically translatable; cost; curative treatments; detection assay; diagnostic platform; disorder risk; early detection biomarkers; effusion; exosome; extracellular vesicles; high risk population; imaging modality; innovation; liquid biopsy; malignant breast neoplasm; microchip; microfluidic technology; microsystems; mortality; mutation carrier; nano; nanoengineering; nanomaterials; nanopattern; neoplastic cell; novel; novel marker; patient prognosis; pre-clinical; presymptomatic testing; prevention service; protein biomarkers; protein profiling; routine screening; screening; self assembly; tool; treatment response; tumor; tumor progression

PROJECT SUMMARY Ovarian cancer is a silent killer that strikes with few, if any, symptoms. By the time a woman knows she has it, the cancer is often advanced and the outlook grim. However, if epithelial ovarian cancer is caught early the prognosis for the patient is excellent. Developing non-invasive and highly specific blood-based tests for pre- symptomatic screening and early detection of ovarian cancer is therefore crucial. This is especially essential since obtaining a biopsy is difficult, costly, and sometimes not even an option. In addition, most blood biomarkers to date lack the necessary sensitivity and specificity for early detection of this silent killer. A fundamental challenge is the extremely low concentrations of circulating biomolecules released from the developing tumors at pre-clinical stages which can be 10,000-fold lower than their clinically detectable levels. Therefore, there is a pressing need to uncover novel biomarkers, apply new strategies, and develop robust technologies to propel the advancement of cancer diagnostics, especially in a disease such as ovarian cancer. We have focused our efforts on small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), primarily small and large exosomes derived from the endolysosomal pathway, which play important roles in cellular communication, immune response, and cancer progression via transfer of a selective repertoire of biomolecules. sEVs/exosome release is significantly increased in most neoplastic cells, including ovarian cancer and occurs continuously at all stages of tumor development. Tumor- derived sEVs accumulate in human blood and malignant effusions. These vesicles carry enriched subsets of biomolecules mirroring the tumor cells of origin, such as signaling proteins, tumor antigens, and functional RNAs (mRNA and miRNAs), which offer a new strategy to surmount the challenge in reliable detection of intrinsically low-level serum markers during early malignant transformation. Thus, the constitutive release and enrichment of certain tumor markers within sEVs present distinctive opportunities for early cancer diagnosis. We hypothesize that circulating sEVs, much akin to circulating tumor cells but more robust due to their active release and incredible stability in bodily fluids, represent a greater source for the discovery of exo-biomarkers for early detection, potentially while still confined to the fallopian tube. In addition, sEVs can serve as a 'liquid biopsy’ to assess benefits and treatment responses in real time in cancer patients. Our innovative application merges EV biology with nano-material/microfluidic technology to develop an advanced microfluidic platform to capture and detect ovarian cancer-derived sEVs with high specificity and sensitivity from the circulation. This approach will integrate validated fallopian tube and ovarian cancer associated exo-protein biomarkers (SA1), which will be applied to a second-generation nano-engineered EV analysis chip (SA2). These studies will be followed by clinical validation using longitudinal samples collected from asymptomatic women who later develop epithelial ovarian cancer (SA3). Our ultimate goal is to develop a reliable blood-based assay that, when used in conjunction with current screening approaches will decrease the mortality from ovarian cancer.