Yoga Postures and Slow Deep Breathing in Altering Mechanistic Outcomes in Hypertension

瑜伽姿势和缓慢深呼吸改变高血压的机制结果

• 批准号: 10370194
• 负责人: Stacy Denise Hunter
• 金额: $ 22.05万
• 依托单位: TEXAS STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-12-01 至 2023-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10370194
• 关键词: Accounting; Adult; Aerobic; Aerobic Exercise; Affect; Age; Antioxidants; Biological; Biological Availability; Blood; Blood Pressure; Blood Proteins; Blood Vessels; Breathing; Breathing Exercises; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cause of Death; Cells; Chronic; Clinical; Complex; Coronary artery; Cutaneous; Data; Disease; Disease Progression; Endothelium; Environment; Enzymes; Free Radicals; Functional disorder; Funding Opportunities; Goals; Health; Homeostasis; Hour; Hypertension; Immune; Immune system; Individual; Interleukin-1 beta; Interleukin-8; Intervention; Locales; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Molecular; Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins; NADPH Oxidase; Nitric Oxide; Outcome; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Pathology; Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell; Peripheral Resistance; Physiological; Play; Posture; Proteins; Public Health; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Reactive Oxygen Species; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Seminal; Source; Superoxide Dismutase; Therapeutic Intervention; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Time; TimeLine; Up-Regulation; Vascular Endothelium; Vasodilation; Visit; Waiting Lists; Yoga; blood pressure elevation; blood pressure reduction; burden of illness; cardiovascular disorder risk; cohort; comparison group; cost; endothelial dysfunction; exercise intervention; follow-up; hemodynamics; hypertensive; immunoregulation; improved; improved outcome; insight; mortality; novel; response; sedentary; shear stress; trial design

Project Summary Hypertension is a pervasive disease with rising mortality rates in the U.S. Although complex, hypertension pathophysiology entails disruptions in vascular homeostasis driven by increased immune cell reactive oxygen species and subsequent oxidative stress. Yoga's blood pressure-lowering effects have been elucidated; however, the mechanisms are unknown. Our studies have found significant enhancements in flow-mediated dilation, a nitric oxide dependent measure of vascular health, following yoga interventions. As oxidative stress leads to reductions in nitric oxide bioavailability, it is possible that reductions in reactive oxygen species and improvements in redox homeostasis represent a biological mechanism by which yoga improves vascular function. Markers of oxidative stress have improved with yoga; however, immune cells, which are key sources of reactive oxygen species in hypertension, have not been investigated in prior yoga studies. NADPH oxidase expediates disease progression in hypertension via enhanced reactive oxygen species scavenging of nitric oxide, compromised endothelium-dependent vasodilation, and resultant increases in total peripheral resistance. While NADPH oxidase has declined following aerobic exercise interventions, this key enzyme has never been explored in yoga research. The proposed study will investigate immune cell reactive oxygen species and NADPH oxidase as biological mechanisms accounting for yoga's vascular and hemodynamic effects in unmedicated adults with elevated blood pressure or stage I hypertension (Aim 1). In response to 12-week yoga interventions, we will explore reactive oxygen species and NADPH oxidase in peripheral blood mononuclear cells as primary and protein carbonylation, a consequence of oxidative stress, and superoxide dismutase, a marker of antioxidant capacity, as exploratory outcomes. We will also establish a timeline of alterations in molecular, vascular, and hemodynamic outcomes by incorporating measurements at 4-week intervals. We hypothesize that oxidative stress markers will improve in response to the yoga intervention and these changes will be associated with reductions in blood pressure and enhanced endothelial function. As yoga is a composite of postures and slow, deep breathing practices, we will also delineate the contribution of slow deep breathing in modulating these mechanistic outcomes (Sub-Aim 1). Slow, deep breathing alone has resulted in favorable alterations in blood pressure and vascular function. We therefore postulate that slow deep breathing alone will be as effective as yoga in improving BP-related mechanistic outcomes. This study serves as an initial step in the PI's long-term goal of delineating mechanisms by which yoga could lower the risk of or serve as a therapeutic intervention for cardiovascular diseases. This research is significant in that it could establish the role of the immune system in altering clinical outcomes with yoga in hypertensive adults. As oxidative stress also plays a role in other diseases marked by disruptions in vascular homeostasis, results could unveil a mechanism by which yoga could ameliorate other conditions as well.

项目概要 高血压是一种普遍性疾病，在美国死亡率不断上升。虽然高血压很复杂，但 病理生理学导致免疫细胞活性氧增加导致血管稳态破坏 物种和随后的氧化应激。瑜伽的降血压作用已被阐明； 然而，其机制尚不清楚。我们的研究发现流介导的显着增强 扩张是瑜伽干预后血管健康的一氧化氮依赖性测量。由于氧化应激 导致一氧化氮生物利用度降低，活性氧和活性氧的减少可能 氧化还原稳态的改善代表了瑜伽改善血管的生物机制 功能。瑜伽改善了氧化应激指标；然而，免疫细胞是关键来源 活性氧在高血压中的作用，在之前的瑜伽研究中尚未进行过研究。 NADPH氧化酶 通过增强活性氧对硝酸的清除来加速高血压疾病的进展 氧化物，内皮依赖性血管舒张功能受损，以及由此导致的总外周阻力增加。 虽然 NADPH 氧化酶在有氧运动干预后有所下降，但这种关键酶从未被 在瑜伽研究中进行了探索。拟议的研究将调查免疫细胞活性氧和 NADPH 氧化酶作为生物机制解释瑜伽对未服用药物的血管和血流动力学影响 患有高血压或 I 期高血压的成年人（目标 1）。针对 12 周的瑜伽干预， 我们将探索外周血单核细胞中的活性氧和 NADPH 氧化酶作为主要 蛋白质羰基化（氧化应激的结果）和超氧化物歧化酶（抗氧化剂的标志物） 能力，作为探索性结果。我们还将建立分子、血管和神经系统变化的时间表。 通过合并每 4 周一次的测量结果来得出血流动力学结果。我们假设氧化 压力标记将因瑜伽干预而改善，这些变化将与 降低血压和增强内皮功能。由于瑜伽是姿势和缓慢的组合， 深呼吸练习中，我们还将描述缓慢深呼吸在调节这些方面的贡献 机械结果（子目标 1）。仅缓慢、深呼吸就可以导致血液发生有利的变化 压力和血管功能。因此，我们假设仅缓慢深呼吸与 瑜伽改善血压相关的机械结果。这项研究是 PI 长期研究的第一步 目标是描述瑜伽可以降低风险或作为治疗干预的机制 心血管疾病。这项研究意义重大，因为它可以确定免疫系统在 瑜伽改变成人高血压的临床结果。由于氧化应激也在其他疾病中发挥作用 以血管稳态破坏为标志，结果可能揭示瑜伽可以发挥作用的机制 并改善其他条件。