Interactions between goals, attention, and memory in younger and older adults

年轻人和老年人的目标、注意力和记忆之间的相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
10375176
负责人：
Kevin Paul Madore
金额：
$ 3.43万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-08-01 至 2022-01-24
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10375176
关键词：
Address Adopted Adult Affect Age Aging Anterior Area Attention Behavior Biological Assay Brain Code Cognition Cognitive aging Data Detection Elderly Electroencephalography Episodic memory Event Familiarity Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Inferior frontal gyrus Investigation Knowledge Lead Left Life Link Lobule Maintenance Medial Memory Memory Loss Methodology Methods Modeling Multimodal Imaging Neurocognitive Neurologic Neurosciences Research Parietal Process Public Health Readiness Research Retrieval Role Scholarship Scientific Advances and Accomplishments Short-Term Memory Signal Transduction Source Specific qualifier value Techniques Temporal Lobe Variant Visual attention Work age effect age group age related angular gyrus attentional control attentional modulation base blood oxygen level dependent cognitive control cognitive neuroscience daily functioning design experimental study functional magnetic resonance imaging/electroencephalography indexing inferior frontal sulcus insight intraparietal sulcus memory retrieval programs relating to nervous system success theories tool young adult

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract Representation of task goals is a critical component of episodic memory retrieval, and yet little is known about the neural coding of mnemonic goals and their potential modulation by attentional preparedness in the context of remembering at the trial level in young adults or in older adults. This topic is particularly important to address in the context of aging because older adulthood is characterized by changes in control and attention that have the potential to affect neural coding of goals and attentional preparedness during retrieval. These components are underexplored in cognitive neuroscience research even though they are key predictors of age-related daily functioning and neurological decline. Motivated by theories of cognitive aging and extant data on shifts in control strategies, fluctuations in dynamic attention, and dedifferentiation of task states in frontoparietal brain networks at the trial level as a function of age, the proposed research program will leverage multivariate decoding analyses and concurrent task-based electroencephalography-functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG-fMRI) in two experiments using sensitive source memory tasks to address fundamental and as yet unresolved questions regarding age-related changes in goal representations, attentional preparedness, and brain computations and EEG oscillations that underlie these processes during memory retrieval. Each experiment will integrate within- and between-age analytics so that older adult data are not entirely dependent on young adult data. Aim 1 will delineate how hierarchical domain-general and domain-specific goal representations are computed in frontoparietal networks and relate to medial temporal lobe (MTL) mechanisms of remembering and behaviors (e.g., retrieval success in terms of hits vs. correct rejections) by implementing an experimental manipulation of mnemonic goal processing, and multivariate decoding analyses, in younger and older adults. This experiment will optimize the design and power of Aim 2, though the methods and findings of each aim can function separately. By indexing attentional preparedness via variations in EEG pre- trial alpha and peri-trial theta power, Aim 2 will specify how an experimental manipulation that modulates attentional preparedness before a goal is processed relates to univariate blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal in frontoparietal networks, multivariate decoding of goal and retrieval success representations, and behaviors in young and older adults. The aims have the potential to uncover new insights into how age- related changes in neural coding of goals and attentional preparedness affect retrieval. The experiments will leverage sophisticated empirical tools to advance new knowledge that has implications for scientific scholarship and public health. The scope of the investigation on goal processing, attention, and memory, and their interaction, will (a) advance scientific knowledge related to theories and critically underexplored topics in the cognitive neuroscience of aging and memory, and (b) better public health in terms of characterizing age- related changes in neurocognitive processes that affect cognition and behavior in everyday life.

项目摘要/摘要任务目标的表示是情节记忆检索的关键组成部分，但对助记符目标的神经编码及其潜在的调制在背景下通过注意力准备在年轻人或老年人中记住试验级别的记忆。这个话题特别重要在衰老的背景下，因为较旧的成年的特征是控制和注意力的变化在检索过程中影响目标和注意力准备的神经编码的潜力。这些组件尽管它们是与年龄相关的每日相关的关键预测指标，但在认知神经科学研究中被忽视功能和神经系统下降。受认知衰老理论和现有数据的动机控制策略，动态注意力的波动以及额叶大脑中任务状态的推断在试验级别的网络随着年龄的函数，拟议的研究计划将利用多变量解码分析和并发基于任务的脑电图功能磁共振成像（EEG-FMRI）在两个实验中，使用敏感的源存储任务来解决基本，但关于目标表征，注意力准备和与年龄相关的变化的未解决的问题在记忆检索过程中这些过程的基础的大脑计算和脑电图振荡。每个实验将整合到年龄之间和年龄之间的分析，以使老年人数据并不完全取决于关于年轻的成人数据。 AIM 1将描述分层领域和特定领域的层次结构表示在额叶网络中计算，与内侧颞叶（MTL）机制有关通过实施记忆和行为（例如，在命中率与正确拒绝方面取得成功）在年轻人中对助记符目标处理和多元解码分析的实验操作和老年人。该实验将优化AIM 2的设计和力量，尽管方法和方法每个目标的发现可以单独起作用。通过通过脑电图的变化来索引注意力准备试验alpha和审判theta功率，AIM 2将指定如何调节实验操作处理目标之前的注意力准备与单变量血氧水平依赖性有关（BOLD）额气网络中的信号，目标的多元解码和检索成功表示，和年轻人和老年人的行为。目的有可能发现对年龄的新见解。目标和注意力准备的神经编码的相关变化会影响检索。实验会利用复杂的经验工具来促进对科学有影响的新知识奖学金和公共卫生。关于目标处理，注意力和记忆的调查范围以及他们的相互作用将（a）提高与理论相关的科学知识，并在衰老和记忆的认知神经科学以及（b）在表征年龄的方面更好的公共卫生 - 影响日常生活认知和行为的神经认知过程的相关变化。