Socioeconomic Status, Mortality, and Morbidity in Older Americans

美国老年人的社会经济地位、死亡率和发病率

• 批准号: 10368015
• 负责人: ANNE CASE
• 金额: $ 38.2万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-15 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10368015
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Age-Years; Alcoholic Liver Diseases; American; Bachelor' s Degree; Behavior; Bypass; Cardiovascular system; Caring; Cessation of life; Cohort Effect; Collaborations; Country; Data; Death Rate; Deterioration; Disability Insurance; Disabled Persons; Economics; Education; Effectiveness; Elderly; Employment Opportunities; Ethnic Origin; Event; Financial Hardship; Future; Geographic Locations; Health; Health Personnel; Health behavior; Health trends; Healthcare; Healthcare Systems; Heart Diseases; Hispanic Populations; Hypertension; Inequality; Institutes; Insurance Benefits; Intervention; Life Cycle Stages; Literature; London; Marriage; Medicare; Medicare claim; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Mortality Decline; Not Hispanic or Latino; Occupations; Outcome; Overdose; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physicians; Play; Policies; Population; Productivity; Quality of life; Race; Religion; Research; Research Personnel; Risk Factors; Role; Social Security; Social support; Socioeconomic Status; Sociology; Source; Suicide; Testing; Time; Variant; Wages; age group; beneficiary; child bearing; cohort; college; data resource; experience; health care quality; health disparity; human old age (65+); middle age; mortality; mortality disparity; nutrition; opioid mortality; opioid use; prescription opioid; provider behavior; social; success; treatment disparity; trend

OTHER PROJECT INFORMATION – Project Summary/Abstract Socioeconomic Status, Mortality, and Morbidity in Older Americans It is now well documented that the midlife mortality declines experienced in other wealthy countries over the last 20 years have bypassed US white non-Hispanics (WNHs). For all five-year age groups from 25-29 to 50- 54, mortality rates for WNHs were higher in 2015 than in 1999, but lower for black non-Hispanics and Hispanics. This stalling and reversal of progress is largely driven by the increasing deaths of white non- Hispanics without a four-year college degree. Deaths from drug overdose, suicide, and alcohol-related liver disease (“deaths of despair”) rose over this period, while progress against heart disease stalled. What is not well understood is the causes of these differential trends. Using data on mortality, morbidity, labor market conditions, credit scores, and social connection, our proposed research will analyze why these alarming trends in early mortality and opioid use have occurred. We will explore multiple causal explanations, channeling through education, employment opportunities, inequality, health behaviors, and health care. What role does education play in rising “deaths of despair”? To what degree does deterioration in the quality and availability of low-skilled jobs cumulatively impact mortality and morbidity over the life course? Does the success of the highly educated come at the expense of those with less education? To what degree are disparities accentuated by health behaviors and health care, such as opioid prescribing and treatment of cardiovascular conditions? These various potential causal pathways are not mutually exclusive, but establishing their importance is critical to developing meaningful interventions, whether in education, labor markets, health care, social supports, or other policies. And finally, we will consider whether the adverse mortality and morbidity patterns evident in midlife, are likely to carry forward into older ages, or to revert to the more favorable patterns currently experienced by the elderly.

其他项目信息 - 项目摘要/摘要 老年人的社会经济地位，死亡率和发病率 现在有充分的文献证明，中年死亡率在其他富裕国家的经历下降了 最近20年绕过了我们的白人非西班牙裔（WNHS）。对于所有五年年龄段的25-29岁至50岁 54，2015年，WNH的死亡率高于1999年，但黑人非西班牙裔和 西班牙裔。这种进步的停滞和逆转在很大程度上是由于白人非 - 没有四年制大学学位的西班牙裔。药物过量，自杀和与酒精有关的肝脏死亡 疾病（“绝望的死亡”）在此期间上升，而反对心脏病的进展却停滞不前。不是什么 众所周知，这些差异趋势的原因。使用有关死亡率，发病率，劳动力市场的数据 条件，信用评分和社会联系，我们拟议的研究将分析为什么这些令人震惊的趋势 在早期死亡率和阿片类药物中使用。我们将探索多种因果解释，引导 通过教育，就业机会，不平等，健康行为和医疗保健。有什么角色 教育在崛起的“绝望之死”中发挥作用？细节在质量和可用性方面具有什么程度的程度 低技能的工作累积影响着生活过程中的死亡率和发病率？成功吗 受过良好教育的人是为了牺牲受过较少教育的人吗？差异是什么程度 由健康行为和医疗保健强调，例如阿片类药物处方和心血管治疗 状况？这些各种潜在的因果途径不是相互排斥的，而是建立他们的 重要性对于制定有意义的干预措施至关重要，无论是在教育，劳动力市场，医疗保健中， 社会支持或其他政策。最后，我们将考虑不良死亡率和发病率是否 中年的模式证据，可能会延续到年龄较大的年龄，或者恢复到更有利的模式 目前经历了较早的经验。