Cognitive Resilience among Older Samoans

老年萨摩亚人的认知弹性

• 批准号: 10360521
• 负责人: BECCA R LEVY
• 金额: $ 82.87万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-03-01 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10360521
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; Age; Ageism; Aging; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Alzheimer’s disease biomarker; American; American Samoa; Attention; Belief; Biological; Blood Glucose; Brain; California; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Communities; Country; Data; Data Set; Dementia; Development; Elderly; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Fasting; Fibrinogen; Future; Genes; Genetic; Health; Hippocampus (Brain); Individual; Infrastructure; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Link; Location; Measures; Memory; Meta-Analysis; Mission; Modeling; National Institute on Aging; Neuronal Plasticity; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Participant; Pathway interactions; Population; Principal Investigator; Property; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Support; Risk; Samoa; Samoan; San Francisco; Stress; Time; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; aged; base; cognitive benefits; cohort; dementia risk; ethnic identity; ethnic minority population; fasting blood glucose level; gene interaction; genetic variant; improved; low and middle-income countries; member; mild cognitive impairment; novel; psychologic; recruit; resilience; social

PROJECT SUMMARY Older Samoans are a unique population for gaining knowledge about cognitive resilience. Dementia has been reported as occurring at low rates among them. Further, our recent pilot data from Independent Samoa found that although there was variability in their memory scores, older Samoans had scores that did not significantly differ from younger Samoans. The proposed study will examine factors that might contribute to this cognitive resilience: (a) unique positive age beliefs that predominate in Samoan culture; and (b) the recently identified CREBRF gene variant (rs373863828) that occurs in 45% of Samoans, but in less than 1% of non- Samoans. Previous research supports our premise that these cultural and genetic factors will contribute to cognitive resilience. The Principal Investigator conducted the first studies to demonstrate that culture-based positive age beliefs predict lower stress and better aging cognitive health, including lower risk of developing Alzheimer’s- disease biomarkers and dementia. This age belief-cognition finding has been supported by three meta-analyses, but has not been studied among Samoans. Additionally, our pilot data with older persons living in Independent Samoa showed the CREBRF gene variant predicted significantly better cognitive scores, and previous studies have shown this gene variant is associated with lower levels of type 2 diabetes and fasting blood glucose, both of which are associated with lower dementia risk. Further, the gene variant is part of a larger mechanism, present in everyone, that leads to the development of brain neuroplasticity. Because favorable environmental factors can increase this neuroplasticity, positive age beliefs (which tend to be assimilated from culture) may stimulate the neuroplasticity property of the CREBRF gene variant. Thus, our Specific Aims, which will be carried out for the first time, are to examine whether aging cognitive resilience is predicted by: (a) greater adherence to the prevailing positive Samoan aging beliefs; (b) the CREBRF gene variant; (c) a synergistic interaction of positive age beliefs and the gene variant; and (d) structural- level factors (i.e., Westernization, ageism and usefulness to others) as well as individual-level factors (i.e., ethnic identity and self-relevance of age beliefs) acting as moderators of a gene-culture interaction. We will assess the CREBRF gene variant and age beliefs at baseline, and cognitive resilience across three years, among 750 Samoans, aged 60 and older. We will recruit one third from each of the following (in ascending order of Westernization): Independent Samoa, American Samoa and San Francisco, CA. The proposed research has the potential to benefit cognitive aging health because it could identify a set of modifiable age beliefs and moderators for interventions and identify a new biological pathway to cognitive resilience in all older persons.

项目摘要 年长的萨摩亚人是一个独特的人群，可获得有关认知弹性的知识。痴呆有 据报道，我们的发生率很低。此外，我们最近来自独立萨摩亚的试点数据 发现尽管他们的内存得分有变化，但较老的萨摩亚人的分数没有 与年轻的萨摩亚人明显不同。拟议的研究将研究可能有助的因素 认知韧性：（a）在萨摩亚文化中占主导的独特积极年龄信念； （b）最近 鉴定出发生在45％的萨摩亚人的Crebrf基因变体（RS373863828），但不到1％的非 - 萨摩亚人。 以前的研究支持我们的前提，即这些文化和遗传因素将有助于认知 弹力。主要研究者进行了第一批研究，以证明基于培养的积极年龄 信念可以预测压力较低和衰老的认知健康，包括降低患阿尔茨海默氏症的风险 疾病生物标志物和痴呆症。这种年龄的信仰认知发现得到了三个荟萃分析的支持， 但尚未在萨摩亚人中研究。此外，我们的飞行员数据与居住在独立的老年人 Samoa显示CREBRF基因变体预测认知评分明显更好，并且先前的研究 已经显示该基因变体与较低的2型糖尿病和空腹血糖相关，这两个 与降低痴呆症风险有关的。此外，基因变体是较大机制的一部分，存在于 每个人，都导致大脑神经可塑性的发展。因为有利的环境因素可以 增加这种神经可塑性，积极的年龄信念（倾向于从培养中吸收）可能会刺激 Crebrf基因变体的神经可塑性特性。 这是我们第一次进行的具体目的是检查认知衰老是否存在 弹性是通过以下方式预测的：（a）更大程度地遵守普遍的积极的萨摩亚老化信念； （b） Crebrf基因变体； （c）积极年龄信念和基因变体的协同相互作用； （d）结构 - 水平因素（即西方化，年龄和对他人的有用性）以及个人级别因素（即种族 年龄信念的身份和自相关性）充当基因培养相互作用的主持人。 我们将评估基线时的Crebrf基因变体和年龄信念，以及三个的认知弹性 在750名萨摩亚人中，年龄在60岁及60岁以上。我们将从以下每个（上升）中招募三分之一 西方化命令）：独立萨摩亚，美国萨摩亚和旧金山，加利福尼亚州。 拟议的研究有可能使认知衰老的健康受益，因为它可以识别一组 可修改的年龄信念和主持人进行干预措施，并确定一种新的生物学途径 所有老年人的韧性。