Neural correlates of distress tolerance in tobacco addiction

烟草成瘾中痛苦耐受性的神经相关性

• 批准号: 10496770
• 负责人: Merideth A. Addicott
• 金额: $ 13.29万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-28 至 2023-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10496770
• 关键词: Neural; correlates; distress; tolerance; tobacco

ABSTRACT Tobacco addiction is a costly and often fatal problem. Even with counseling and nicotine replacement therapy, most smokers relapse following a quit attempt. For many smokers and ex-smokers, cigarette smoking is provoked by affective distress, which includes cigarette cravings. The ability to cope with this distress and remain abstinent depends on one's level of distress tolerance, which is the ability to persist in a goal-directed activity while experiencing physical or affective discomfort. However, a gap in knowledge exists regarding the neural mechanisms that underlie distress tolerance. Identifying these neural mechanisms and understanding individual differences in distress tolerance holds promise for the development of new therapies and the improvement of cessation success through personalized interventions. Past research has shown that cigarette cravings and other forms of affective distress activate the insula, which may be the neural hub that connects the awareness of affective distress to motor and cognitive control regions that determine the subsequent behavioral response (e.g., smoking a cigarette to relieve cravings). However, previous studies that measured functional activity within brain regions have not provided specific information about functional connectivity between the insula and other brain regions. This information is vital to understanding complex behaviors. Based on our preliminary data, our central hypothesis is that insula-based connectivity underlies distress tolerance behavior in relation to smoking cessation. To investigate this hypothesis, we will investigate three Aims: Aim 1) examine the relationship between distress tolerance and insula-based connectivity, Aim 2) identify differences between smokers and ex- smokers, Aim 3) explore brain correlates of distress tolerance using multimodal fusion analysis. This data- driven approach will complement our hypotheses regarding insula-based connectivity. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the neural mechanisms of distress tolerance in the service of smoking cessation. Furthermore, this study will greatly increase our understanding of why some smokers succeed in quitting. This measure could be used in the future to identify and treat smokers at increased risk for distress-related relapse. Thus, successful completion of this study will inform the development of personalized smoking interventions, as well as identify neural mechanisms that can be targeted by novel therapeutic techniques.

抽象的 烟草成瘾是一个昂贵且经常致命的问题。即使接受咨询和尼古丁替代疗法， 戒烟尝试后，大多数吸烟者复发。对于许多吸烟者和前吸烟者来说，吸烟是 由情感困扰引起的，包括香烟的渴望。应对这种困扰的能力和 保持戒酒取决于一个人的苦难宽度，这是在目标指导中持续存在的能力 在体验身体或情感不适的同时进行活动。但是，知识的差距存在有关 基于遇险宽容的神经机制。识别这些神经机制和理解 遇险宽容的个体差异对开发新疗法和 通过个性化干预措施改善戒烟成功。 过去的研究表明，香烟的渴望和其他形式的情感困扰激活了岛屿， 这可能是将情感困扰意识与运动和认知控制联系起来的神经枢纽 确定随后的行为反应的区域（例如，吸烟以缓解渴望）。 但是，先前测量大脑区域功能活动的研究尚未提供特定 有关绝缘区与其他大脑区域之间功能连通性的信息。此信息对 了解复杂的行为。基于我们的初步数据，我们的中心假设是基于岛的 连通性是与戒烟有关的遇险宽容行为。 为了调查这一假设，我们将研究三个目标：目标1）检查 遇险耐受性和基于岛的连通性，目标2）确定吸烟者与前任之间的差异 吸烟者，目标3）使用多模式融合分析探索脑耐受性的相关性。这个数据 - 驱动的方法将补充我们关于基于岛的连接性的假设。 据我们所知，这是第一项研究遇险耐受性神经机制的研究 服务戒烟。此外，这项研究将大大增加我们对为什么某些人的理解 吸烟者成功退出。将来可以使用此措施来识别和治疗吸烟者 增加与遇险相关复发的风险增加。因此，这项研究的成功完成将告知 开发个性化的吸烟干预措施，并确定可以是的神经机制 以新颖的治疗技术为目标。