Collateral Consequences of Parents Incarcerations for Their Adolescent Children: A Prospective Longitudinal Study

父母监禁对其青春期子女的附带后果：一项前瞻性纵向研究

基本信息

批准号：
10335180
负责人：
LINDA A TEPLIN
金额：
$ 66.8万
依托单位：
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-06-10 至 2024-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10335180
关键词：
Address Admission activity Adolescence Adolescent Affect African American African American population Age Alcohol abuse Area Behavior Caregivers Characteristics Child Child Rearing Childbirth Clinical Data Development Drug abuse Education Employment Opportunities Environment Ethnic Origin Family Fathers Female Frequencies Friends Gender Goals Hispanic Hispanic Populations Home Imprisonment Interview Jail Lead Life Longitudinal Studies Longitudinal prospective study Matched Group Mediating Mental Health Mental disorders Mission Mothers National Institute of Child Health and Human Development National Institute of Drug Abuse National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Neighborhoods Not Hispanic or Latino Occupations Outcome Parents Participant Persons Poverty Prisons Problem behavior Prospective Studies Public Housing Race Recording of previous events Records Reduce health disparities Sampling Schools Social Environment Social support Strategic Planning Substance abuse problem Time United States Youth anti social cohesion college convict critical developmental period critical period ethnic diversity ethnic minority experience foster care health disparity health equity promotion health inequalities high risk improve minority health loved ones male parental influence peer prospective protective effect psychosocial racial and ethnic racial and ethnic disparities recruit resilience social substance use

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT More than 2.2 million people—disproportionately racial/ethnic minorities—are incarcerated in the U.S. More than half of males and nearly 2/3 of females in prison have children. Racial/ethnic disparities prevail: 1 in 9 African American children and 1 in 28 Hispanic children have a parent in prison compared with 1 in 56 non-Hispanic white children. Incarceration, whether or not it occurs during the child's lifetime, may disrupt families, alienate loved ones, and limit opportunities for employment, public housing, college admission, public aid, and some occupations, leading to poverty and residential instability. Incarceration during the child's lifetime may have direct consequences for the child: a new caregiver, moving homes, changing schools, or placement in foster care. Despite the importance of data addressing these health inequities, no comprehensive study has examined the consequences of parents' incarceration on their children. Prior studies, for example, assessed parents' incarceration only globally (e.g., “yes/no,”); could not analyze the frequency and duration of incarceration; conflated jail (pretrial and sentences <1 year) and prison (convicted felons, >1 year), and did not examine collateral consequences. We will leverage data already collected in the Northwestern Juvenile Project (NJP) to conduct the first comprehensive prospective study of the collateral consequences of parents' incarcerations on their adolescent children. Begun in the mid-1990s, the NJP is a large-scale longitudinal study of mental health needs and outcomes of youth after detention. Many of our participants (G1), now median age 36, have children of their own, with whom we have maintained contact since 2002. We will study 466 families with children (G2) ages 10 to 17 years, a critical developmental period for problem behaviors. We will (1) use prospective longitudinal data from the NJP (up to 14 clinical interviews with parents and official records); (2) conduct new interviews with parents (n = 466) and an additional caregiver (n = 284) to ascertain collateral consequences of incarcerations and child outcomes; (3) interview the 466 children to ascertain their psychosocial functioning and experiences; and (4) conduct qualitative interviews (n = 48 children) to assess their experiences of their parents' incarceration. The proposed study has 3 aims: (1) To examine the relationship between parents' incarceration and their child's psychosocial outcomes in 4 areas: mental health, substance abuse, antisocial (delinquent) behaviors, and education; (2) To identify how the collateral consequences of incarceration mediate the associations found in Aim 1; and (3) To predict resilience, identifying variables that mitigate consequences of parents' incarceration on child outcomes; we will focus especially on malleable aspects of social environments. The proposed study responds to (1) Healthy People 2030, which promotes health equity and elimination of health disparities; (2) the Strategic Plan of NIMHD to reduce health disparities; (3) the Strategic Plans of NIDA and NIAAA to address the causes and consequences of drug and alcohol abuse; and, (4) NICHD's mission for all children to lead healthy, productive lives.

项目摘要/摘要在美国被监禁了220万人（种族/族裔少数族裔）一半以上的男性和近2/3名监狱的女性有孩子。种族/种族差异占上风：1 在9个非洲裔美国儿童中，有28名西班牙裔儿童中有1个在监狱中有父母，而56名则有1个非西班牙裔白人儿童。监禁，无论是否发生在孩子的一生中，可能会破坏家庭，疏远亲人，并限制就业机会，公共住房，大学入学，公共援助和一些占领，导致贫困和居民不稳定。孩子的监禁终生可能对孩子产生直接影响：新的照料者，搬家，换学校或安置寄养。尽管数据解决了这些健康不平等的重要性，但没有全面研究检查了父母对子女的继承的后果。例如，先前的研究仅在全球范围内评估父母的发生（例如，“是/否”）；无法分析频率和持续时间监禁；与监狱（审前和判决<1年）和监狱（定罪的饲料，> 1年）混合在一起，没有检查附带后果。我们将利用已经在西北少年项目中收集的数据（NJP）对父母的附带后果进行首次全面的前瞻性研究青春期儿童的监禁。 NJP始于1990年代中期，是一个大规模的纵向研究心理健康需求和拘留后青年结果的研究。我们的许多参与者（G1）现在 36岁的中位数有自己的孩子，自2002年以来我们一直保持联系。我们将学习有466个儿童家庭（G2）10至17岁，这是问题行为的关键发展时期。我们（1）使用NJP中的前瞻性纵向数据（最多14次临床访谈与父母和官方记录）; （2）与父母进行新的访谈（n = 466）和额外的照料者（n = 284）事件和儿童结局的附带后果；（3）采访466名儿童以确定他们的社会心理功能和经验；（4）进行定性访谈（n = 48个儿童）进行评估他们对父母影响的经历。拟议的研究有3个目的：（1）检查父母的进化与子女在四个领域的社会心理成果之间的关系：心理健康，药物滥用，反社会（犯罪）行为和教育；（2）确定抵押品如何监禁的后果介导目标1中发现的关联；（3）预测弹性，确定减轻父母对子女结果的后果的变量；我们将集中精力特别是在社会环境的可延展方面。拟议的研究对（1）健康人做出了回应 2030年，促进健康平等和消除健康差异；（2）NIMHD的战略计划减少健康分布；（3）NIDA和NIAAA的战略计划解决原因和后果毒品和酒精滥用；（4）NICHD的使命，所有儿童都能过着健康的产品生活。