DS-I Africa - LAW

DS-I 非洲 - 法律

• 批准号: 10308774
• 负责人: Donrich Willem Thaldar
• 金额: $ 39.89万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU-NATAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10308774
• 关键词: Africa; African; Artificial Intelligence; COVID-19; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Complement; Complex; Consent; Data; Data Collection; Data Science; Dimensions; Ethics; Geographic Information Systems; Goals; Health; Health Sciences; Human Rights; Individual; Informed Consent; Intellectual Property; International; Internet; Journals; Knowledge; Laws; Legal; Legal Liability; Nature; Outcome; Output; Ownership; Participant; Peer Review; Persons; Philosophy; Population Surveillance; Positioning Attribute; Privacy; Property Rights; Publications; Publishing; Recommendation; Regulation; Research; Research Project Grants; Resources; Rights; Risk; Risk Assessment; Scientist; Technology; base; benefit sharing; data sharing; empowered; ethical legal social implication; expectation; genomic data; health data; innovation; instrument; lens; novel; social implication; trend; wasting

Project Summary/Abstract The proposed project will have a strong focus on the legal dimensions of using data science for health discovery and innovation in Africa. Accordingly, the proposed project is intended to complement other ELSI projects that may focus more on the ethical and social implications. Without knowledge of the law, scientists risk starting a health research project only to later find the data that they have generated cannot be used as planned; without knowledge of the law, scientists risk wasting resources, legal liability, and even criminal sanctions. Accordingly, scientists need clarity regarding the `hard' law that governs the use of data in health research. The law can often be multi- layered, complex, and may differ between jurisdictions. Therefore, to facilitate health discovery and innovation that uses data science, legal clarity will be provided on a variety of critical legal themes, listed below. The expected output of the proposed project will be practical guides for scientists on how to be legally compliant with regard to each of these themes. The impact will be that scientists who plan projects using data science for health discovery and innovation in Africa (or with African collaborators) will be empowered to take the required actions to be legally compliant. The proposed project will have a broad jurisdictional scope, involving the law of twelve African nations. Five critical legal themes will be investigated over a three-year period: (1) modes of informed consent to the use of data; (2) the nature and content of individual and community rights in genomic data; (3) the use of persons' geospatial data for public health surveillance; (4) the cross-border sharing of data; and (5) the use of data as basis for Artificial Intelligence (AI). An important cross-cutting theme and goal of the proposed project is the decolonization and Africanization of extant law related to the use of data in health research. The proposed project will critically engage with the extant law of the twelve jurisdictions from the perspective of current trends in African legal philosophy. The expected outcomes are recommendations for legal innovation and inter- jurisdiction harmonization. The impact of these recommendations will be to empower policymakers in Africa to make the relevant law more attuned to the needs and expectations of the people of Africa. The project team consist of leading law academics from different regions in Africa – boasting with a collective publication record of 148 articles in peer-reviewed journals. The team's core expertise is the legal regulation of data, and African legal philosophy. Accordingly, the team is perfectly positioned to successfully execute the proposed project.

项目摘要/摘要 拟议的项目将重点关注将数据科学用于健康的法律维度 非洲的发现与创新。根据每个计划的项目，旨在补充其他项目 ELSI项目可能更多地关注道德和社会影响。 没有了解法律的知识，科学家只有开始健康研究项目才有可能以后找到数据 他们生成的无法按计划使用；没有了解法律的知识，科学家冒险 浪费资源，法律责任甚至刑事制裁。彼此之间，科学家需要清晰 关于控制数据在健康研究中使用数据的“硬”法律。法律通常可以是多的 司法管辖区之间的分层，复杂，并且可能有所不同。因此，促进健康发现和 使用数据科学的创新，将在列出的各种关键法律主题上提供法律清晰度 以下。拟议项目的预期产出将是科学家的实用指南 关于这些主题的法律符合法律符合。影响的是计划的科学家 使用数据科学进行健康发现和创新的项目（或与非洲合作者一起） 将有权采取所需的行动以合法规定。 拟议的项目将具有广泛的管辖权范围，涉及十二个非洲法律 国家。 将在三年内调查五个关键的法律主题：（1）知情同意的模式 使用数据； （2）基因组数据中个人和社区权利的性质和内容； （3） 使用人员的地理空间数据进行公共卫生监测； （4）数据的跨境共享； （5）将数据用作人工智能（AI）的基础。 拟议项目的一个重要的横切主题和目标是非殖民化和 与使用数据在健康研究中使用有关的额外法律的非洲化。拟议的项目将 从目前的趋势的角度，批判性地与十二个司法管辖区的额外法律互动 非洲法律哲学。预期的结果是有关法律创新和间隔的建议 管辖权协调。这些建议的影响将是授权决策者 非洲使相关法律更加满足非洲人民的需求和期望。 项目团队包括来自非洲不同地区的领先法律学者 - 拥有 同行评审期刊中的148篇文章的集体出版记录。团队的核心专业知识是 数据法规和非洲法律哲学。据认为，团队的位置非常适合 成功执行拟议的项目。