Signal Processing in the Inner Retina

视网膜内层的信号处理

基本信息

批准号：
10299460
负责人：
Steven H DeVries
金额：
$ 52.69万
依托单位：
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-05-07 至 2025-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10299460
关键词：
Address Age of Onset Amacrine Cells Anatomy Attention Cells Characteristics Code Color Color Visions Complex Cone Cre driver Dendrites Disease Electrophysiology (science)Functional Imaging Genetic Goals HDAC1 gene Health Image Individual Label Light Light Cell Maps Microscopy Monitor Mus Onset of illness Pattern Presynaptic Terminals Process Property Proteins Rabies virus Resolution Retina Retinal Cone Retinal Ganglion Cells Rod Role Signal Transduction Spermophilus Stimulus Stream Surface Synapses System Techniques Time Study Viral Virus Vision Visual Work base cell type experimental study ganglion cell neuronal cell body neurotransmission object motion photoreceptor degeneration postsynaptic presynaptic presynaptic neurons rabies viral tracing receptive field response retinal rods signal processing spatiotemporal superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina transmission process uptake visual stimulus

项目摘要

The mammalian retina contains at least 40 types of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) each tuned to respond best to different and sometimes complex features in a visual scene. Together, these diverse RGC responses provide us with all of the information that we use to navigate in the visual world. Each type of RGC monitors a patch on the retinal surface, its receptive field, by collecting inputs from presynaptic bipolar and amacrine cells of which there are more than 12 and 50 types, respectively. While the general patterns of amacrine and bipolar cell connectivity that contribute to RGC light responses are known, the daunting complexity of the inner synaptic layer of the retina has impeded our understanding of the connections that underlie the tuning properties that distinguish the RGC types. Specifically, there is currently no systematic way to identify all of the cells that make presynaptic inputs to an RGC and at the same time study their combined function as a processing unit. This proposal uses a toolbox of viral techniques to trace and functionally characterize the amacrine and bipolar cells that provide input to specific RGCs in both the rod dominant mouse and cone dominant ground squirrel retinas. In three specific aims, our goals are to: 1) use a trans-synaptic rabies virus that expresses GFP to map the direct bipolar and amacrine cell inputs to genetically targeted RGCs in the mouse retina; 2) use a trans-synaptic rabies virus that expresses the Ca2+ indicator protein GCaMP6 to study the functional connections between RGCs and their direct inputs from bipolar and amacrine cells in the mouse retina; and, 3) identify and functionally characterize the inner retinal circuits responsible for blue/green color opponent vision in the ground squirrel. Our work will define the wiring and functions of specific inner retinal circuits in health and provide the background for understanding circuit changes that are known to occur following photoreceptor degeneration, whether from genetic or age-onset disease.

哺乳动物视网膜包含至少40种类型的视网膜神经节细胞（RGC），每个视网膜神经节细胞（RGC）反应最佳在视觉场景中具有不同的，有时甚至是复杂的功能。这些潜水员RGC的回应在一起为我们提供我们在视觉世界中导航的所有信息。每种类型的RGC监视A 通过收集突触前双极细胞的输入，在视网膜表面（其接受场）上进行补丁其中分别有12种和50多种类型。而一般的悬脂和已知有助于RGC光反应的双极细胞连接性，内部的艰巨复杂性视网膜的突触层阻碍了我们对调谐基础的联系的理解区分RGC类型的属性。具体而言，当前没有系统的方法来识别所有使RGC的突触前输入和同时研究其合并功能的细胞处理单元。该建议使用病毒技术的工具箱来追踪和功能表征在杆显性小鼠和锥体中为特定RGC提供输入的无长血管和双极细胞占主导地下松鼠视网膜。在三个特定目标中，我们的目标是：1）使用反式突触狂犬病病毒表达GFP以将直接的双极和无链氨酸细胞输入映射到遗传靶向的RGC中小鼠视网膜； 2）使用表达Ca2+指示剂蛋白GCAMP6的反射突触狂犬病病毒研究 RGCS及其直接输入的功能连接来自小鼠的双极和无聚细胞的功能连接视网膜3）识别并在功能上表征负责蓝色/绿色的内部残差电路地松鼠中的视觉。我们的工作将定义特定内部静止的布线和功能健康电路，并为理解已知发生的电路变化提供了背景在光感受器变性之后，无论是从遗传性疾病还是年龄发作疾病中。