The Autistic Brain Over 45: The Anatomic, Functional, and Cognitive Phenotype

45 岁以上的自闭症大脑：解剖学、功能和认知表型

• 批准号: 10299529
• 负责人: Ruth Carper
• 金额: $ 74.4万
• 依托单位: SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-05-08 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10299529
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Affective; Age; Age-Years; Aging; Amygdaloid structure; Anatomy; Anxiety; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Characteristics; Child; Child Development; Cognition; Cognitive; Data; Data Collection; Diagnostic; Diffusion; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Down-Regulation; Elderly; Equilibrium; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Glutamates; Impairment; Insula of Reil; Intervention; Investigation; Life; Link; Literature; Longevity; MRI Scans; Machine Learning; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Medical; Mental Health; Modeling; Morphology; Motor; Movement; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Neurons; Outcome; Participant; Performance; Phenotype; Population; Predictive Factor; Process; Prognosis; Progress Reports; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Research; Rest; Risk; Risk Factors; Signal Transduction; Specificity; Structure; Subgroup; System; Testing; Time; Visual; Voice; Work; adult with autism spectrum disorder; adverse outcome; age effect; age group; age related; autism spectrum disorder; autistic; base; behavior measurement; behavioral impairment; brain tissue; cognitive ability; cognitive change; cognitive testing; cohort; data mining; data resource; design; early onset; follow-up; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; individuals with autism spectrum disorder; insight; middle age; multimodality; prospective; rate of change; recruit; relating to nervous system; response; segregation; skills; social; success; young adult

Project Summary Extremely little is known about neural and cognitive changes or long-term prognosis for adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) older than 50 years of age, although in the US alone hundreds of thousands of people with ASD will reach this age group in the coming decades. Cross-sectional findings suggest that new cognitive, sensorimotor, and mental health problems emerge and that accelerated brain tissue loss occurs. Functional and structural brain connectivity is also affected, as shown with resting state functional MRI and diffusion MRI. This project aims to characterize mid- to late-life trajectories of brain anatomy and function in ASD, as well as cognitive and behavioral change, and identify risk factors that predict poor outcomes including suspected effects of declining GABA concentrations and excitatory:inhibitory imbalance in aging. The proposed renewal will leverage an existing cohort (Cohort 1) of 40-70 year olds with ASD and matched typical comparison (TC) participants. In addition, a new cohort (Cohort 2) of 50 individuals with ASD and 70 TC participants age 40-70 will be recruited. Both cohorts will be followed longitudinally, with data collection every 3.5-5 years. Extensive data will be acquired at each time-point, including multimodal MRI scans, measures of GABA concentration from MR spectroscopy, diagnostic, cognitive, and behavioral assessments, as well as medical and personal history information. The project will pursue 3 specific aims. Aims 1 will identify alterations (and altered rates of change) in brain anatomy, function, and connectivity and relate these to behavioral changes in 3 suspected risk domains of Motor, Executive, and Affective function. Aim 2 will test for group differences and effects of age in GABA concentrations and in network integration and segregation. Aim 3 will identify behavioral and neural risk factors of adverse (or positive) outcomes (e.g. on scales of maladaptive behavior, loss of daily living skills) using machine learning, and identify ASD subgroups based on GABA levels, differential rates of change, or differential domain-specificity.

项目摘要 关于自闭症成年人的神经和认知变化或长期预后的知之甚少 频谱障碍（ASD）年龄在50岁以上，尽管仅在美国就有数十万 在未来几十年中，患有ASD的人将到达这个年龄段。横截面发现表明新的 认知，感觉运动和心理健康问题出现，并且会加速脑组织丧失。 功能性和结构性大脑连通性也受到影响，如静止状态功能MRI所示， 扩散MRI。 该项目旨在表征大脑解剖学和ASD功能的后期至后期轨迹， 以及认知和行为改变，并确定预测结果不佳的风险因素，包括 GABA浓度和兴奋性下降的可疑影响：衰老中的抑制失衡。提议 更新将利用40-70岁的现有队列（1）与ASD且典型 比较（TC）参与者。此外，有50个ASD和70 TC的人的新队列（队列2）（队列2） 将招募40-70岁的参与者。这两个队列将纵向遵循，每次收集数据 3。5 - 5年。每个时间点将获取大量数据，包括多模式MRI扫描，衡量标准 MR光谱，诊断，认知和行为评估的GABA浓度以及 医学和个人历史信息。 该项目将追求3个具体目标。 AIMS 1将确定变更（变化率的变化） 大脑解剖学，功能和连通性，并将其与3个可疑风险域中的行为变化联系起来 电动机，执行和情感功能。 AIM 2将测试GABA年龄的群体差异和影响 浓度以及网络集成和隔离。 AIM 3将确定行为和神经风险因素 使用不利的（或积极）结果（例如，适应不良行为的尺度，日常生活技能的丧失） 机器学习并根据GABA级别，变化差异或 差异域特异性。