Neural processing of communication sounds: acoustic features and semantic content

通信声音的神经处理：声学特征和语义内容

• 批准号: 10301129
• 负责人: Angeles Salles
• 金额: $ 9.67万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10301129
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Affect; Affective; Amygdaloid structure; Animal Model; Animals; Area; Auditory; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Chiroptera; Communication; Communication impairment; Complex; Computer Models; Data; Diagnosis; Discrimination; Dissection; Echolocation; Educational workshop; Emotional; Ensure; Environment; Equilibrium; Exhibits; Exposure to; Food; Foundations; Frequencies; Hearing; Human; Impairment; Implant; Individual; Inferior Colliculus; Knowledge; Language; Light; Limbic System; Mammals; Measures; Mediating; Mentors; Methods; Midbrain structure; Modeling; Muscimol; Neurons; Neurosciences; Pathway interactions; Pharmacology; Phase; Population; Process; Production; Psychophysics; Rattus; Research; Role; Saline; Semantics; Signal Transduction; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Specialist; Speech; Speech Sound; Speed; Stimulus; Structure; Study models; System; Testing; Training; Ultrasonics; Universities; Work; auditory discrimination; auditory processing; auditory stimulus; behavior measurement; behavioral response; extracellular; human subject; language processing; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; programs; relating to nervous system; research facility; response; social; social communication; sound; speech processing; stimulus processing; success; vocalization

Project Summary Acoustic communication is crucial for social interactions in many species, including humans. Understanding the neural underpinnings that govern the production and processing of communication sounds is paramount to advance the fields of auditory neuroscience and social behavior. Studies investigating speech and sound processing in humans have mostly implemented non-invasive methods, leaving a gap in knowledge about underlying neural mechanisms. My project bridges this gap by exploiting scientific advantages of echolocating bats, mammals that produce and process a rich repertoire of acoustic signals, to investigate the circuits that contribute to the discrimination of complex sounds that carry different meanings. Bats are social mammals with well-developed audio-vocal systems and produce ultrasonic vocalizations for navigation and social communication, providing a distinct opportunity to study the pathways, molecules and brain regions, which enable complex sound processing. Aim 1 combines behavior and neurophysiology to investigate the specific acoustic features of communication calls that are key to evoke behavioral responses and the neural systems involved in sound discrimination. Aim 2 combines psychophysical, neurophysiological, and pharmacological inactivation methods to study the midbrain-amygdala circuit's role in mediating discrimination of sounds that show overlap in spectro-temporal features but carry different semantic content. Aim 3 investigates circuit phenomena in a social context by combining neurophysiological recordings and targeted pharmacological inactivation in freely interacting bats. The overarching hypothesis of this research program is that social- emotional processing of auditory stimuli through a midbrain-amygdala circuit mediates the discrimination of sounds that carry different meaning. The significance of this project resides in the extraordinary scientific opportunities to bridge studies of auditory behaviors, single neuron recordings, circuit dissection and computational modeling in a mammalian model. This work will contribute key new knowledge of natural sound processing mechanisms in mammals that could inform a deeper understanding of human auditory communication disorders. Johns Hopkins University offers an outstanding environment to conduct this project, as it provides access to world class research facilities, seminars and workshops offered by the Center for Hearing and Balance, the Center for Language and Speech Processing; along with an extraordinary network of mentors and collaborators who will provide training and guidance to ensure the success of this project.

项目摘要 声学交流对于包括人类在内的许多物种的社会互动至关重要。 了解控制沟通声音的产生和处理的神经基础是 提高听觉神经科学和社会行为领域的重要性。研究调查语音和 人类的声音处理主要实施了非侵入性方法，在了解方面存在差距 潜在的神经机制。我的项目通过利用Echolosing的科学优势来弥合这一差距 蝙蝠，哺乳动物产生和处理丰富的声学信号曲目，以调查电路 有助于歧视具有不同含义的复杂声音。蝙蝠是社交哺乳动物 发达的声音系统发达，并为导航和社会产生超声波发声 沟通，提供了一个独特的机会来研究途径，分子和大脑区域， 启用复杂的声音处理。 AIM 1结合了行为和神经生理学来研究特定 通话通话的声学特征，这是引起行为反应和神经系统的关键 参与声音歧视。 AIM 2结合了心理物理，神经生理和药理 灭活方法研究中脑 - 杏仁核电路在调解声音歧视中的作用 在光谱特征中显示重叠，但具有不同的语义内容。 AIM 3调查电路 通过结合神经生理记录和有针对性的药理学，在社会环境中的现象 自由相互作用的蝙蝠失活。该研究计划的总体假设是社会 通过中脑 - 杏仁核电路对听觉刺激的情绪处理可导致歧视 带有不同含义的声音。该项目的意义在于非凡的科学 弥合听觉行为，单个神经元记录，电路解剖和 哺乳动物模型中的计算建模。这项工作将为自然声音提供重要的新知识 哺乳动物中的处理机制，可以使人们对人类听觉有更深入的了解 沟通障碍。约翰·霍普金斯大学（Johns Hopkins University）提供了一个杰出的环境来进行此项目， 因为它提供了获得世界一流的研究设施，听证中心提供的研讨会和研讨会 平衡，语言和语音处理中心；以及非凡的导师网络 以及将提供培训和指导以确保该项目成功的合作者。