Modeling esophageal/respiratory birth defects in human pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-derived fetal tissues
在人类多能干细胞 (PSC) 衍生的胎儿组织中模拟食管/呼吸系统出生缺陷
基本信息
- 批准号:10174986
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 32.3万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2017
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2017-08-15 至 2022-05-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AchalasiaAffectAutologousBarrett EsophagusBiochemicalBiological AssayBiological ModelsCell LineChIP-seqCollaborationsColonComplexCongenital AbnormalityDefectDevelopmentDiseaseDominant-Negative MutationDorsalEmbryoEndodermEnteric Nervous SystemEosinophilic EsophagitisEpithelialEsophageal AtresiaEsophageal TissueEsophagusFailureFetal TissuesFoodGastroesophageal reflux diseaseGenesGenetic TranscriptionGerm LayersHMG-Box DomainsHumanHuman CharacteristicsImpairmentLeadMalignant neoplasm of esophagusMegaesophagusModelingMolecularMorphogenesisMorphologyMovementMusMuscleMutationOperative Surgical ProceduresOral cavityOrganoidsPathologyPathway interactionsPatientsPhysiologicalPluripotent Stem CellsPrimitive foregut structureProcessRegulator GenesReporterResortRespiratory SystemRoleSignal TransductionSmooth MuscleStomachStratified EpitheliumSurgeonTissue EngineeringTissuesTracheaTracheoesophageal FistulaTranscriptional ActivationTubebasebeta catenincell motilitycell typeconstrictionembryo tissuehuman pluripotent stem cellhuman tissueinduced pluripotent stem cellloss of functionmolecular modelingmotility disordernerve supplynervous system developmentnovelprotein Bprotein protein interactionreconstructionrespiratorysegregationstem cell based approachtissue reconstructiontranscription factortranscriptome sequencingvertebrate embryos
项目摘要
Summary: Modeling EA/TEF In Human PSC-Derived Embryonic Tissues
During development of the vertebrate embryo, a common foregut tube gives rise to the esophagus and
respiratory tract and this involves an array of complex molecular and morphological processes. The dorsal
foregut tube forms the esophagus and the ventral domain forms the respiratory tract, and failure to do so can
result in tracheaesophageal birth defects such as esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF).
As discussed in project 2, much is known about how Wnt and BMP signaling promote a respiratory fate by
activation of the transcription factor Nkx2.1. In contrast, little is known about pro-esophageal factors. Mouse
and human studies demonstrate that the HMG-box transcription factor Sox2 is involved in segregation of the
esophageal and respiratory lineages, however whether Sox2 promotes an esophageal fate or acts
predominantly to repress respiratory-inducing pathways the dorsal foregut is unclear. We hypothesize that both
mechanisms are involved in normal esophageal development.
In humans, most genes that cause EA/TEF remain unidentified. However, heterozygous mutations in SOX2
can cause of EA and TEF, which is in contrast to mice with heterozygous loss of Sox2, which are normal.
Complete loss of Sox2 from the foregut endoderm of mouse embryos results in esophageal agenesis, however
Sox2 is also expressed during development of the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the esophagus. Given that
patients with EA can have motility defects, we hypothesize some EA-associated genes may affect ENS
development. However, a study of how EA-associated mutations differentially affect the epithelium and/or ENS
of the esophagus has never been done in any species, let alone humans. We propose several novel PSC-
based approaches to study how Sox2 and other EA-associated genes impact Human esophagus specification,
epithelial morphogenesis, and functional innervation using human pluripotent stem cell-derived esophageal
organoids with an enteric nervous system.
In this project we aim to identify the mechanisms underlying esophageal specification and
development in humans by first focusing on the key esophageal factor Sox2. We hypothesize that SOX2
acts both to repress the respiratory lineage, and promote an esophageal fate via an unidentified gene
regulatory network. We will use a human PSC-derived foregut model in combination with SOX2 gain- and loss-
of-function to identify a respiratory GRN that is repressed by SOX2 and an esophageal GRN that is SOX2-
dependant. Conversely we will determine if NKX2.1 represses the esophageal fate. We will take advantage of
the expandable nature of human foregut cultures to identify direct transcriptional targets of human SOX2 and
NKX2.1 using RNA-seq and ChIP-seq. We will then investigate the disease mechanisms underlying TEF
and EA that are caused by Sox2 mutations. We will generate PSC lines harboring patient-based mutations in
SOX2 and investigate how these impact the formation of the esophageal and respiratory lineages. We will
identify the impact of SOX2 mutations on Wnt and BMP signaling and if Sox2 acts by direct protein-protein
interactions with the effector proteins b-catenin/TCF and Smads. Lastly we will investigate how EA
mutations differentially effect the different cell types of the esophagus;; the epithelial, smooth muscle
and ENS. Given that some patients with EA have associated motility disorders including achalasia 3,
constrictions 4 and megaesophagus 5, we will investigate if Sox2 mutations also have ENS deficits. We will use
iPSC lines derived from EA/TEF patients identified in projects 1 and 2 to model the molecular deficits
underlying this birth defect using our human PSC-derived organoid model.
摘要:在人类PSC衍生的胚胎组织中对EA/TEF进行建模
在脊椎动物胚胎的发育过程中,一个常见的面管产生了食道和
呼吸道,这涉及一系列复杂的分子和形态学过程。背
前肢管形成食道,腹侧域形成呼吸道,不这样做可以
导致气管食管生日缺陷,例如食管闭锁和气管食管瘘(EA/TEF)。
正如项目2中所述,关于Wnt和BMP信号如何促进呼吸命运的知之甚少
转录因子NKX2.1的激活。相比之下,关于亲管道因素知之甚少。老鼠
人类研究表明,HMG-box转录因子SOX2参与了隔离
食管和呼吸系统谱系,但是SOX2是促进食管命运还是作用
主要是抑制呼吸诱导途径的背侧尚不清楚。我们假设这两个
机制参与了正常的食管发育。
在人类中,大多数引起EA/TEF的基因仍然不明。但是,SOX2中的杂合突变
可能导致EA和TEF的原因,这与正常的Sox2杂合损失的小鼠相反。
小鼠胚胎的前肢内胚层完全丧失SOX2导致食管产生,但是
Sox2在食管的肠神经系统(ENS)的发展过程中也表达。鉴于
EA患者可能有运动性缺陷,我们假设某些EA相关基因可能会影响ENS
发展。但是,对与EA相关突变的研究对上皮和/或ENS的研究如何不同
在任何物种中从未做过食道,更不用说人类了。我们提出了几个新颖的PSC-
基于研究Sox2和其他EA相关基因如何影响人类食管规范的方法,
上皮形态发生和使用人多能干细胞衍生的食管的功能神经支配
带有肠神经系统的器官。
在这个项目中,我们旨在确定食道规范的基础机制和
首先关注关键食道因子SOX2,在人类中的发展。我们假设Sox2
作用既反映呼吸系统谱系,又通过未识别的基因促进食管命运
监管网络。我们将使用人类PSC衍生的前表模型与SOX2增益和损失 -
功能可确定由Sox2和Sox2-的食管GRN再现的呼吸道GRN
依赖。相反,我们将确定NKX2.1是否反映了食管命运。我们将利用
人类联邦文化的可扩展性,以确定人类Sox2和
NKX2.1使用RNA-SEQ和CHIP-SEQ。然后,我们将研究TEF的疾病机制
和由Sox2突变引起的EA。我们将生成具有基于患者突变的PSC线
Sox2并研究这些如何影响食管和呼吸系统谱系的形成。我们将
确定SOX2突变对Wnt和BMP信号的影响,以及SOX2是否通过直接蛋白质蛋白质起作用
与效应蛋白B-catenin/tcf和Smads的相互作用。最后我们将调查如何
突变对食道的不同细胞类型的影响不同;上皮平滑肌
和ens。鉴于某些EA患者患有相关运动障碍,包括Achalasia 3,
收缩4和巨型甲状腺肿5,我们将研究Sox2突变是否也具有ENS缺陷。我们将使用
从项目1和2中确定的EA/TEF患者得出的IPSC线,以建模分子缺陷
使用我们的人类PSC衍生的类器官模型来解决这个生日缺陷。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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James M Wells其他文献
ヒトiPS細胞由来膵島オルガノイドのサイズ制御による効率的な分化誘導
通过控制人 iPS 细胞来源的胰岛类器官的大小进行有效分化诱导
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2023 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
浅見柚羽;草森浩輔;西川元也;James M Wells - 通讯作者:
James M Wells
Mechanism and in vitro reconstruction of mammalian trachea-esophageal development
哺乳动物气管食管发育机制及体外重建
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2023 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Lu Han;Praneet Chaturvedi;Keishi Kishimoto;Hiroyuki Koike;Talia Nasr;Kentaro Iwasawa;Kirsten Giesbrecht;Phillip C Witcher;Alexandra Eicher;Lauren Haines;Yarim Lee;John M Shannon;Mitsuru Morimoto;James M Wells;Takanori Takebe;Aaron M Zorn;Keishi Kishimoto - 通讯作者:
Keishi Kishimoto
James M Wells的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('James M Wells', 18)}}的其他基金
Project-3: Modeling EA/TEF in human organoids
项目 3:在人体类器官中模拟 EA/TEF
- 批准号:
10458162 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 32.3万 - 项目类别:
Project-3: Modeling EA/TEF in human organoids
项目 3:在人体类器官中模拟 EA/TEF
- 批准号:
10647838 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 32.3万 - 项目类别:
Generating Human Intestinal Organoids with an ENS.
使用 ENS 生成人类肠道类器官。
- 批准号:
8415736 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 32.3万 - 项目类别:
Generating Human Intestinal Organoids with an ENS.
使用 ENS 生成人类肠道类器官。
- 批准号:
8516139 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 32.3万 - 项目类别:
Generating Human Intestinal Organoids with an ENS.
使用 ENS 生成人类肠道类器官。
- 批准号:
8665593 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 32.3万 - 项目类别:
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