Research into the Structure of Big-size Agricultural Regal Cooperation through the International Comparison

大型农业行政合作结构的国际比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
09460099
负责人：
TANIGUCHI Nobukazu
金额：
$ 8.19万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09460099/
关键词：
agricultural legal persons agricultural production legal persons FUNAKATA group family farms special legal person of village farming agricultural cooperative public corporation for agriculture of cities, towns and villages village 日本農業イ

项目摘要

At the close end of 20th century there arise four types of new agricultural enterprises in addition to the traditional family farms in Japan. They all are agricultural production legal persons, whose first type is the group of companies or cooperative corporations of a different sort, the second type special legal person of village farming, the third type company of a different sort under direct investment and control of agricultural cooperative, the fourth type public corporation for agriculture of cities, towns and villages.The characteristics of these enterprises are as follows ;1. They all are relatively bigger enterprises than the family farms as to number of labour forces and scale of farms. They have the functions of complimentarity and substitution of family farms.2. They organize the cooperation and division of labour, and therefore realize the high labour productivity on the one hand, sustainability of farm on the other hand.3. They have mainly a character of enlarged family farm as to the roil of labour forces, which are expected to play the part of labourer and manager.4. They have commonly the character of commercial enterprises on the one hand, but are under the control of villages, agricultural cooperatives and local government.The reorganization process of Japanese agriculture into the 2lst century can be described as follows.First course is enterprising development of many family farms, and the company stands at the summit of this course.Second course is also enterprising development of such new types of agricultural production legal persons accompanying with the complimentarity and substitution of family farms.These courses mean in other words the reexperience process of experiment of socialist agriculture, which has aimed at overcoming the limit of family farm productivity under the conditions of lower productivity level, under the higher productivity level of today and future.

20世纪末，日本除了传统的家庭农场外，还出现了四种新型农业企业。都是农业生产法人，第一类是公司集团或异类合作公司，第二类是乡村农业特殊法人，第三类是农业合作社直接投资控股的异类公司。、第四类市、镇、村农业公有企业。这些企业的特点是： 1．从劳动力数量和农场规模来看，它们都是比家庭农场规模更大的企业。具有家庭农场的补充和替代功能。 2．他们组织合作与分工，一方面实现了劳动生产率的提高，另一方面实现了农场的可持续发展。 3．劳动力的流动主要具有扩大家庭农场的特征，期望劳动力同时扮演劳动者和管理者的角色。 4．它们一方面具有商业企业的共同特征，但又受村庄、农业合作社和地方政府的控制。日本农业进入2世纪的重组过程可以描述如下。第一个过程是许多企业的进取发展。家庭农场，而企业站在了这个历程的顶峰。第二个历程也是伴随着家庭农场的互补和替代，这种新型农业生产法人的进取发展。这些历程换句话说就是：社会主义农业试验的再体验过程，其目的是在当前和未来较高的生产力水平下，克服较低生产力水平条件下家庭农场生产力的限制。