Structural Characterization of Procaryotic Metal Reductase Systems

原核金属还原酶系统的结构表征

• 批准号: 5407996
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Oliver Einsle
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Biochemie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2002-12-31 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5407996?language=en
• 关键词: Structural; Characterization; Procaryotic; Metal; Reductase

Recent years have witnessed the emergence of the field of geomicrobiology, which focusses on the influence of microbial processes on shaping our environment through the formation and degradation of mineral deposits. Many geological formations formerly believed to be of purely inorganic origin are today known to be the product of procaryotic metabolism. Herein, becterial reduction of insoluble metal oxides, predominantly of Fe III and Mn IV, is a major respiratory process in anaerobic, aquatic environments and can under certain conditions account for the oxidation of 80 to 90 % of the available organic carbon. This process gains further ecological importance by the fact that many metal-reducing bacteria are able to oxidize aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene and that among the described oxidized metal substrates are those of arsenic, chromium and uranium. Metal reductase activity has been found in a range of soluble metalloproteins, but the complete, respiratory machinery consists of a multisubunit multiheme protein system spanning both bacterial membranes. It presents the actual catalytic units on the outside of the bacterial cells, where they can directly interact with their insoluble substrates.

近年来，地球微生物学领域出现了，该领域的重点是微生物过程通过矿藏的形成和降解对塑造我们的环境的影响。许多以前被认为是纯无机起源的地质构造现在被认为是原核代谢的产物。其中，不溶性金属氧化物（主要是 Fe III 和 Mn IV）的细菌还原是厌氧水生环境中的主要呼吸过程，并且在某些条件下可以氧化 80% 至 90% 的可用有机碳。由于许多金属还原细菌能够氧化芳香烃如苯和甲苯，并且所描述的氧化金属底物包括砷、铬和铀，因此该过程获得了进一步的生态重要性。金属还原酶活性已在一系列可溶性金属蛋白中发现，但完整的呼吸机制由跨越细菌膜的多亚基多血红素蛋白系统组成。它在细菌细胞外部呈现实际的催化单元，在那里它们可以直接与其不溶性底物相互作用。