Literary Text and Historical Context in the Romance of Nathaniel Hawthorne

纳撒尼尔·霍桑浪漫史中的文学文本和历史背景

基本信息

批准号：
14510554
负责人：
IRIKO Fumiko
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
Kansai University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

During the past ten years there came a remarkable advancement of so-called neo-bistorical approaches in the area of the study of the 19th century American author Nathaniel Hawthorne. The direction of my own research into the same author, though somewhat similarly history-oriented, has distinguished itself by its strong emphasis on the investigation of the varieties of American "cultural representations" that served to characterize Hawthorne's imaginative creation of mythical "romances," above all, of his masterpiece The Scarlet Letter.Those "cultural representations "of the type found in 17^<th>-century colonial New England find their equivalents or precedents in the customs, beliefs, symbols, arts and ceremonies and in other products of human thought and imagination that prevailed in Elizabethan England and Hapsburg Europe. Such cultural representations as "tapestry," "pearl," "portraiture," "coat-of-arms," "court-masque," "pageantry and spectacle," "tomb-stone;' are found imaginative … More ly incorporated into Hawthorne's "romances," especially into The Scarlet Letter. Tapestry for instance, is seen to combine multiple aspects of art and culture that characterize the development of its theme and giving emphasized expression to its thematic idea of "one out of many" The romance as a whole artistically manifest the idealistic theme of "union" which was unanimously approved and supported by monarchs of early modern European countries.Hawthorne gave expression to this idea of "union" in The Scarlet Letter and the undeniable example is found in the naming of Hester's daughter as "Pearl," since the English word "pearl" corresponds with the Spanish term of "Margarita," a name given to a Hapsburg princess, and the remarkable thing about that is that both of these words symbolically represent the idea of "union." The story ends by affording a strong impression that the United States is an incarnation of the ancient ideal of union, or of the idea of Pax Romana which had been inherited by the Holy Roman Empire (practically becoming extinct in 1804, which coincides with the year of the birth of Nathaniel Hawthorne himself). The final year of the period of my study supported by the research grant falls on 2004, the year celebrating the bicentennial anniversary of Hawthorne's birth, and in commemoration of this anniversary my book entitled Hawthorne, <The Scarlet Letter>, Tapestry was published in 2004. Less

在过去的十年中，所谓的新历史学方法在 19 世纪美国作家纳撒尼尔·霍桑的研究领域取得了显着的进步，尽管在历史上有些相似，但我自己对同一位作家的研究方向。其特点是强调对美国“文化表征”多样性的调查，这体现了霍桑富有想象力的神话“浪漫史”创作，尤其是他的杰作《猩红》那些在 17 世纪新英格兰殖民地发现的“文化表征”在风俗、信仰、符号、艺术和仪式以及盛行于 17 世纪的人类思想和想象的其他产物中找到了它们的等同物或先例。伊丽莎白时代的英格兰和哈布斯堡王朝的欧洲等文化表现形式，如“挂毯”、“珍珠”、“肖像画”、“纹章”、“宫廷假面舞会”、“华丽和奇观”、 “墓碑”富有想象力……更多地融入了霍桑的“浪漫史”，尤其是《红字》。例如，挂毯被认为结合了艺术和文化的多个方面，突出了其主题的发展，并强调了表达其“众中之一”的主题思想，整个浪漫主义艺术地体现了“联合”的理想主义主题，得到了近代欧洲早期国家君主的一致认可和支持。《红字》中的“结合”理念，不可否认的例子是海丝特的女儿被命名为“珍珠”，因为英语单词“珍珠”对应于西班牙语术语“玛格丽塔”，这是一个名字哈布斯堡王朝的公主，值得注意的是，这两个词都象征性地代表了“联盟”的概念。故事的结尾给人留下了强烈的印象，即美国是古代联盟理想的化身，或者是神圣罗马帝国继承的罗马和平思想（实际上在 1804 年已经灭绝，这一年恰逢纳撒尼尔·霍桑本人的出生年份）。研究经费落在 2004 年，这一年庆祝霍桑诞辰二百周年，为了纪念这个周年纪念，我写了一本题为《霍桑，<红字>》的书， Tapestry 于 2004 年出版。更少