History of floods, and long-term climatic and environmental changes in Asian monsoon region

亚洲季风区洪水历史及长期气候和环境变化

• 批准号: 14208008
• 负责人: MATSUMOTO Jun
• 金额: $ 26.12万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14208008/
• 关键词: monsoon; climatic variations; paleo-ocean environment; floods; GIS; coral reef; shift of river channel; rainfall characteristics; 日本海; 長期再解析; 古海洋; 季節区分; アジアモンスーン; 気候変化; 環境変化; 古水文環境; サンゴ年輪; 日本海表層水; 日本海中深層水

This project aimed at compiling the history of floods, and reconstruct the past climate and environment related to Asian monsoon variations by utilizing past climatic data as well as geological data.As for the centennial time scale variations, it was revealed that summer monsoon rainfall in the Yangtze River basin increased in about 1,700,4,200 and 6,200 years ago. In the Kumozu River basin in central Japan, rapid deposition was found in about 6,000 years ago, then large-scale floods may have often occurred in this period. By the analysis of the coral core obtained at Ishigaki Island in Southwest Japan, past salinity was found to be reconstructed.As for the variations in the latter half of the past century, the shift of river channels in Brahmaputra River, Bangladesh occurred to be close to and apart from the equilibrium conditions in decadal time-scale. Severe floods in Bangladesh caused serious production loss in the rice cultivation during the summer monsoon season, while the dry season rice production after the severe floods was found to substantially increased to compensate the loss by the floods. The rainfall characteristics in Nepal located in the upper catchment area of the rivers flowing into Bangladesh, it was found that the heavy rainfall occurrences in Nepal were not corresponded to the severe floods occurrences in Bangladesh. In Japan, recently delay of the end of winter, onset and end of Baiu is found under the global warming. Also found is the systematic error in the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, popularly used in the climatic change study, over inland China was detected. Thus, it is not recommended to use this data for the long-term climatic change studies over East Asia.

该项目旨在编制洪水历史，利用过去的气候数据和地质数据，重建与亚洲季风变化相关的过去的气候和环境。对于百年时间尺度的变化，揭示了亚洲夏季季风降雨长江流域大约在距今1700年、4200年和6200年前有所增加。日本中部的云津川流域在大约6000年前就发现了快速沉积，那么这一时期可能经常发生大规模的洪水。通过对日本西南部石垣岛获得的珊瑚核心进行分析，发现过去的盐度被重建。至于上个世纪后半叶的变化，孟加拉国布拉马普特拉河的河道移动发生了接近的情况。达到并远离十年时间尺度的平衡条件。孟加拉国的严重洪水导致夏季季风季节水稻种植严重减产，而严重洪水后旱季水稻产量大幅增加，以弥补洪水造成的损失。尼泊尔的降雨特征位于流入孟加拉国的河流上游流域，发现尼泊尔的强降雨发生与孟加拉国的严重洪涝发生并不对应。在日本，最近由于全球变暖，冬天的结束、白雨的开始和结束都推迟了。还发现中国内陆气候变化研究中常用的NCEP/NCAR再分析数据存在系统误差。因此，不建议将此数据用于东亚地区的长期气候变化研究。

项目成果

地形と氾濫原管理-雲出川デルタの場合-

地形和漫滩管理——以云出河三角洲为例——

• 发表时间: 2004
• 作者: 春山成子; 村井淳志
• 通讯作者: 村井淳志

Late Quaternary rapid talus dissection and debris-flow deposition on an alluvial fan in Syria.

叙利亚冲积扇上第四纪晚期的快速距骨解剖和泥石流沉积。

• 发表时间: 2004
• 作者: Oguchi; T.; Oguchi; C.T.
• 通讯作者: C.T.

Holocene sea level changes and barrier reef formation on an oceanic island, Palau Islands, western Pacific

全新世海平面变化和西太平洋帕劳群岛大洋岛屿上堡礁的形成

• 发表时间: 2002
• 作者: Kayanne; H.; Yamano; H.; R;all; R.H.
• 通讯作者: R.H.

Tools in Fluvial Geomorphology

河流地貌学工具

• 发表时间: 2003
• 作者: Jacobson; R.B.; O'Conner; J.E.; Oguchi; T.
• 通讯作者: T.

Lambeck, K., Purcell, A., Johnston, P., Nakada, M.: "Water-load definition in the glacio-hydro-isostatic sea-level equation."Quaternary Science Reviews. 22. 309-318 (2003)

Lambeck, K.、Purcell, A.、Johnston, P.、Nakada, M.：“冰川水力均衡海平面方程中的水负荷定义。”第四纪科学评论。