A fundamental research for genetic transformation via microprotoplast fusion in Liliaceous species

百合科植物微原生质体融合遗传转化的基础研究

基本信息

批准号：
13660024
负责人：
NAKANO Masaru
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
Niigata University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Toward the application of microprotoplast fusion to genetic improvement of Liliaceous ornamental plants, 1)establishment of regenerable callus or cell suspension cultures, 2)development of protoplast culture systems, and 3)development of systems for isolating microprotoplasts, were examined.1)Highly regenerable callus cultures were established in Agapanthus praecox ssp. orientalis and Muscari armeniacum, and highly regenerable cell suspension cultures were established in Hosta sieboldiana.2)By utilizing callus cultures established, protoplast culture systems were developed in A. praecox ssp. orientalis and M. armeniacum. However, further studies are necessary to improve the efficiencies of callus formation from protoplasts and plant regeneration from protoplast-derived calluses.3)Two different systems for isolating microprotoplasts, one from partially synchronized cell suspension cultures of Hemerocallis hybrida(somatic microprotoplasts) and the other from developing microspores of Lilium longiflorum(gametic microprotoplasts) were developed. As compared with the somatic microprotoplast system, the gametic system seems to be more practical in Liliaceous ornamental plants.The systems developed in the present study may pave the way for the transfer of one or a few chromosomes via microprotoplast fusion in Liliaceous ornamental plants. Chromosome addition lines produced via microprotoplast fusion may contribute to chromosome studies as well as genetic improvement in these plants.

为了将微原生质体融合应用于百合科观赏植物的遗传改良，1）可再生愈伤组织或细胞悬浮培养物的建立，2）原生质体培养系统的开发，3）微原生质体分离系统的开发。1）高度可再生在 Agapanthus praecox ssp 中建立愈伤组织培养物。 2)利用已建立的愈伤组织培养物，建立了早叶玉簪原生质体培养体系。侧柏和杏。然而，还需要进一步的研究来提高原生质体愈伤组织形成和原生质体衍生愈伤组织再生植物的效率。3)两种不同的微原生质体分离系统，一种来自半同步化的萱草细胞悬浮培养物(体细胞微原生质体)，另一种来自原生质体衍生的愈伤组织。从正在发育的长花百合小孢子（配子微原生质体）中发育而来。与体细胞微原生质体系统相比，配子系统在百合观赏植物中似乎更实用。本研究开发的系统可能为百合观赏植物中通过微原生质体融合转移一条或几条染色体铺平道路。通过微原生质体融合产生的染色体附加系可能有助于染色体研究以及这些植物的遗传改良。