COMPARATIVE COGNITIVE STUDY OF DEVELOPMENT OF OTHER'S MIND CONCEPT

他人心理概念发展的比较认知研究

• 批准号: 13610087
• 负责人: ITAKURA Shoji
• 金额: $ 2.18万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13610087/
• 关键词: theory of mind; false belief task; robot; mental state attribution; dual representation; scale model task; 心理動詞; 意図の帰属; 映像理解; ロボティクス; スケールモデル; シンボル

In this project, I investigated how infants develop the concept of others' mind. I conducted several experimental studies concern to this topic. The main findings are summarized as follows: 1) in the false belief task with robot, children seemed to attribute false belief to the robot, but they did not attribute mental verb (e.g. think) to the robot. There seems to be differentiation between robot and human in this area. 2) dual representation is needed to represent others' mind for children. I investigated the development of dual representation by using scale-model task in young children. The result shows that they develop understanding dual representation rapidly between 2and half years old and 3 years old. 3) How the children correspond between live events and events which were shown in TV. From the comparative perspective, I tried to figure out what happens in nonhuman primate, gibbon, in object-choice task. In one condition, gibbon could see bating procedure directly, and in the other condition, the subject could see it in only TV monitor. The results show that there is no difference in these two conditions. Now we are continuing to collect data in human children in the same situations. 4) We investigated whether human infants attribute mental state to animation object on the computer screen. Infants prefer the object which seems to help another object.

在这个项目中，我研究了婴儿如何发展他人思想的概念。我针对这个主题进行了几项实验研究。主要发现总结如下：1）在机器人的错误信念任务中，孩子们似乎将错误信念归因于机器人，但他们没有将心理动词（例如认为）归因于机器人。在这方面，机器人和人类似乎存在差异。 2）为孩子代表别人的想法需要双重代表。我通过在幼儿中使用比例模型任务来研究双重表征的发展。结果表明，他们在两岁半到三岁之间迅速发展出对双重表征的理解。 3）孩子们如何将现场事件和电视中播放的事件对应起来。从比较的角度来看，我试图弄清楚非人类灵长类动物长臂猿在对象选择任务中会发生什么。在一种情况下，长臂猿可以直接看到击球过程，而在另一种情况下，受试者只能在电视监视器中看到它。结果表明，这两种情况没有区别。现在我们正在继续收集处于相同情况下的人类儿童的数据。 4）我们研究了人类婴儿是否将心理状态归因于计算机屏幕上的动画对象。婴儿更喜欢似乎对另一个物体有帮助的物体。