An Analysis of the Cognitive Functions of Graphical Representations in Extended Semantic Approach

扩展语义方法中图形表示的认知功能分析

基本信息

批准号：
18500206
负责人：
SHIMOJIMA Atsushi
金额：
$ 1.45万
依托单位：
Doshisha University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2006 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this research project was to make a contribution to the cognitive study of graphic representations from the standpoint of semantic analysis.One of the main consequences of semantic analysis conducted in this project is that many graphical representations have the so-called "free ride" property, namely, the property of automatically expressing a logical consequence of a set of information in the course of expressing that set of information. This property is predicted to have a strong influence on the process of inferences made with diagrams. In order to verify this prediction, we conducted two experiments in June 1997 and June 1998, measuring the eye-movements of humans who solved logical inference problems with diagrams.As the result, we obtained a strong evidence of the tendency for humans to use the free-ride property of diagrams even when they are not in position to physically manipulate the diagrams. The similar results were obtained when the semantic rules employed by the diagrams do not match the users' semantic preference, and when the premises of the inference cannot be uniquely expressed in the diagram due to its "specificity" property. This suggests that the use of free-ride properties of diagrams is quite a robust, and hence general process in human inference with diagrams.Thus, the prediction made by a semantic analysis of diagrams about human inference processes has been verified in psychological experiments. This seems to point to a new fertile research method in cognitive study of graphical representations.

该研究项目的目的是从语义分析的角度为图形表示的认知研究做出贡献。该项目中进行的语义分析的主要后果的一种主要后果是，许多图形表示具有所谓的“自由乘车”属性，即自动表达信息的逻辑上的逻辑上的属性。预计该属性对用图的推论过程有很大的影响。为了验证这一预测，我们在1997年6月和1998年6月进行了两项实验，测量了人类的眼动，这些人的眼动在解决了图表的逻辑推理问题上。结果，我们获得了人类倾向的有力证据，即使人类使用图表的自由骑行属性也不可以在物理上进行物理操纵。当图所采用的语义规则与用户的语义偏好不匹配时，并且由于其“特异性”属性在图中无法在图中唯一表达时，获得了类似的结果。这表明，图表的自由骑行性能是一个非常健壮的，因此在人类与图表中的一般过程中进行了一般过程。因此，在心理实验中，通过对人类推理过程的图表进行语义分析进行了预测。这似乎指出了图形表示认知研究中的一种新的肥沃研究方法。