COMPREHENSIVE RESEARCH CONCERNING INTERESTRELATION OFCUSTOMERS IN CREDIT-TRANSACTIONS.

关于信用交易中客户利益关系的全面研究。

基本信息

批准号：
07620025
负责人：
SEKI Takeshi
金额：
$ 0.96万
依托单位：
NIIGATA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

I conducted comprehensive research related to installment sales in Germany. The aim of my research was how to protect customers in modern credit-transactions. As a result, I discovered German judgments and literatures in which the cut-off of defenses against financers of customers was recognized. These have considered that customers should be given such a defense if man can recognize an actual and economical bond between contracts of sale and loan for consumption. But legal explanations presented by literatures were not consistent : Oneside considers, for example, as that bond the "aim-bond" (s.(section) 818), "one action" (s.(section) 139), an "action basis" (Geschaftsgrundfage) founded from (section) 242 or "same legal relation" in (section) 273 of German civil law. The other, understand the relation between customers and creditinstution as a partnership-contract and then recognizes the customer's cut-off of defense as a responsibility according to (section) 415 of German civil law. However, German judgments understood the matter of "informed consent" (Aufklarungspflicht) : These have protected customers in applications of (section) 242 of German civil law. However, cut-off of defenses for customers should be recognized without informed consent, because customers have little knowledge concerning risk resulting from various contracts among seller, customer and creditinstitution, as C.Bockmann says in his work.

我对德国的分期付款销售进行了全面的研究。我研究的目的是如何在现代信用交易中保护客户。结果，我发现了德国的判决和文献，其中承认切断对客户金融机构的防御。这些人认为，如果人们能够认识到销售合同和消费贷款合同之间存在实际和经济的联系，那么客户就应该获得这样的辩护。但文献提出的法律解释并不一致：例如，Oneside 认为，“目标债券”（第 818 节）、“一个行动”（第 139 节）、“行动”依据”（Geschaftsgrundfage）根据德国民法第 242 条或第 273 条“相同法律关系”成立。另一方面，将客户与信贷机构之间的关系理解为合伙合同，然后根据德国民法第415条将客户的抗辩切断视为责任。然而，德国判决理解“知情同意”(Aufklarungspflicht) 的问题：这些判决在适用德国民法第 242 条（第 242 条）时保护了客户。然而，正如 C.Bockmann 在他的著作中所说，在没有知情同意的情况下，应该承认切断对客户的防御，因为客户对卖方、客户和信贷机构之间的各种合同所产生的风险知之甚少。