HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF RARE METALS INTRODUCED INTO HIGH-TECH INDUSTRIES.

引入高科技产业的稀有金属的健康风险评估。

基本信息

批准号：
07307006
负责人：
SAKURAI Haruhiko
金额：
$ 8万
依托单位：
KEIO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Though consumption of rate metals in industries are increasing year by year, information of toxicity of the metals have been quite limited. The aims of the investigations were, firstly, to get basic information of health effects of rare metals and their compounds (Y,La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb, Ga, In, As, Rh, Sb, InP,InAs, GaAs) by animal experiments, and, secondary, to develop new methods of microdetermination of rare earth metals. A target organ of Rh chloride was renal convoluted tubules and acute tubular necrosis was observed. Ph also caused interference of mature sperm ejaculation. Single instillation of InP in rats induced severe inflammation and NOAEL was 6.0 ug/kg body weight. Pre-malignant changes in the hamster lung were detected after repeated instillation of InAs. GaAs instillation experiment revealed toxicity on hamster testes. As ion showed strongest toxicity and potential of stress protein induction on cultured hamster renal cells compared to In ion and Ga ion. Rare earth metal compounds instilled into the lung were phagocyted by alveolar macrophage, but remained for a long term without inducing serious inflammation. Among them, Y compound seemed to have a weak potential of lung fibrosis. They also inhibited the activity of purified ALAD and UROD from the liver, kidney, and spleen. In intravenous administration of the rare earth compounds, serum calcium levels were decreased, though no reasonable interpretation could be shown. Methods of microdetermination of the rare earth metals were developed using flameless atomic absorption spectrometry and plasma-mass spectrometry with satisfactory accuracy and reproducibility.

尽管工业中的金属消耗量逐年增加，但有关金属毒性的信息却相当有限。调查的目的首先是获得稀有金属及其化合物（Y、La、Ce、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Yb、Ga、In）对健康影响的基本信息。，As，Rh，Sb，InP，InAs，GaAs）通过动物实验，其次，开发稀土金属微量测定的新方法。 Rh氯化物的靶器官是肾曲小管，观察到急性肾小管坏死。 Ph还会干扰成熟精子的射精。大鼠单次滴注 InP 引起严重炎症，NOAEL 为 6.0 ug/kg 体重。重复注入 InAs 后，检测到仓鼠肺部发生癌前变化。砷化镓滴注实验揭示了对仓鼠睾丸的毒性。与 In 离子和 Ga 离子相比，As 离子对培养的仓鼠肾细胞显示出最强的毒性和诱导应激蛋白的潜力。注入肺部的稀土金属化合物被肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬，但能长期保留而不会引起严重炎症。其中，Y化合物似乎具有较弱的肺纤维化潜力。它们还抑制来自肝脏、肾脏和脾脏的纯化 ALAD 和 UROD 的活性。在静脉注射稀土化合物时，血清钙水平降低，但无法给出合理的解释。采用无焰原子吸收光谱法和等离子体质谱法开发了稀土金属的微量测定方法，具有令人满意的准确性和重现性。